All brewing communes

Braine-l'Alleud Wallonie A commune where brewing culture is part of who we are. Dinant Wallonie A city of character at the heart of beer culture. – Tournai Wallonie A thousand-year brewing tradition and exceptional vibrancy. – Grez-Doiceau Wallonie Grez-Doiceau is a French-speaking municipality in Walloon Brabant, Belgium, east of Wavre, on the language border with Flemish Brabant. It has five sections and around 14,000 inhabitants over 55 km². The Train, a tributary of the Dyle, crosses it, and Meerdaal Forest lies to the north. – Namur Wallonie Namur is a French-speaking city and municipality in Belgium, the seat of Namur Province and capital of the Walloon Region. It has around 115,000 inhabitants over 176 km², at the confluence of the Sambre and the Meuse, below the Citadel of Namur. – Incourt Wallonie Incourt is a French-speaking municipality in eastern Walloon Brabant (Belgium), on the Namur–Leuven road, about 50 km from Brussels. It has around 5,700 inhabitants over 39 km². The Glimes tumulus and the Opprebais fortified farm are located there. – Wavre Wallonie Wavre is the capital of the province of Walloon Brabant (Belgium), southeast of Brussels on the Brussels–Namur axis. It has around 36,000 inhabitants and covers 42 km². The Dyle flows through the town, whose centre holds the Church of St John the Baptist. – Spa Wallonie Spa is a French-speaking town and municipality in the province of Liège, Belgium, about 35 km south-east of Liège, near the High Fens. It has around 10,000 inhabitants on 40 km². Its mineral springs, including the Pouhon Pierre-le-Grand, gave their name to spa towns. – Florenville Wallonie Florenville is a French-speaking municipality in the province of Luxembourg (Belgium), in the arrondissement of Virton, near the French border. It has around 5,800 inhabitants on 147 km². The Semois flows through its north and Orval Abbey, founded around 1070, lies within its territory. – Ottignies-Louvain-la-Neuve Wallonie Ottignies-Louvain-la-Neuve is a French-speaking municipality in Walloon Brabant (Belgium), about 25 km southeast of Brussels and southwest of Wavre. It has around 32,000 inhabitants over 33 km² and lies in the Dyle valley, at an altitude of 50 to 150 m. – Soignies Wallonie Seat of an arrondissement in Hainaut (Belgium), Soignies has around 29,000 inhabitants on 111 km². The Romanesque collegiate church of Saint-Vincent dominates the centre, and the Senne rises at Naast, one of the municipality's sections. – Ath Wallonie Ath is a French-speaking municipality in Hainaut (Belgium), the administrative seat of its arrondissement in the west of the province. It has nineteen sections and around 30,000 inhabitants on 127 km². The Dender crosses its centre, overlooked by the medieval Burbant Tower. – Gembloux Wallonie Gembloux is a French-speaking municipality in the province of Namur (Belgium), on the Brussels–Namur corridor. It has around 26,500 inhabitants across 96 km². Its centre holds a former Benedictine abbey, now an agricultural faculty, and a belfry listed by UNESCO. – Nassogne Wallonie Nassogne is a French-speaking municipality in the province of Luxembourg (Belgium), in the arrondissement of Marche-en-Famenne, in the west of the province, on the boundary with Namur province. It has around 5,700 inhabitants on 112 km². The collegiate church of Saint Monon, built for pilgrims, is listed. – Dalhem Wallonie Dalhem is a French-speaking municipality in the province of Liège, Belgium, in the Herve region, midway between Liège and Maastricht. It has around 7,700 inhabitants on 36 km² and comprises eight villages. The ruins of the castle of the Counts of Dalhem, founded in 1080, overlook the town. – Waterloo Wallonie Waterloo is a French-speaking municipality in Walloon Brabant (Belgium), about 20 km south of Brussels. It has around 30,000 inhabitants over 21 km². The Sonian Forest extends partly over its territory, and the Church of Saint Joseph stands in the centre. – Boussu Wallonie In the Borinage, west of Mons, Boussu is a French-speaking municipality in Hainaut (Belgium) with around 20,000 inhabitants on 20 km². It comprises Boussu and Hornu, home to the Renaissance Château de Boussu and the Grand-Hornu industrial site. – Saint-Ghislain Wallonie Saint-Ghislain is a French-speaking municipality in Hainaut (Belgium), west of Mons. It has seven sections and around 23,700 inhabitants on 70 km². The Haine flows through it, and the 16th-century tower of the old church stands in the centre. – Jemeppe-sur-Sambre Wallonie Jemeppe-sur-Sambre is a French-speaking municipality in the province of Namur (Belgium), in the Sambre valley. It has around 19,200 inhabitants across 47 km². The village of Spy holds the Spy Cave, a Palaeolithic site, and Mielmont Castle stands in Onoz, above the Orneau valley. – Gouvy Wallonie Gouvy is a French-speaking municipality in the province of Luxembourg (Belgium), in the arrondissement of Bastogne, at the eastern tip of the province. It has around 5,500 inhabitants on 165 km². The eastern Ourthe rises here and Gouvy station lies on the Liège–Luxembourg line. – Saint-Georges-sur-Meuse Wallonie Saint-Georges-sur-Meuse is a French-speaking municipality in the province of Liège, Belgium, on the Hesbaye plateau, west of Liège. It has around 7,200 inhabitants on 21 km². The Meuse forms its southern boundary, and Warfusée Castle stands in the municipality. – Nivelles Wallonie Nivelles is a French-speaking municipality and the seat of its arrondissement, in western Walloon Brabant (Belgium). It has around 30,000 inhabitants over 61 km². The Romanesque Collegiate Church of St Gertrude stands in its historic centre. – Lessines Wallonie In northern Hainaut (Belgium), on the Dendre, Lessines is a French-speaking municipality in the Ath arrondissement. It has around 19,000 inhabitants on 73 km², and the Notre-Dame à la Rose hospital, founded in 1242, stands in the centre of the town. – Péruwelz Wallonie Péruwelz is a French-speaking municipality in Hainaut (Belgium), in the west of the province on the French border. It has ten sections and around 17,300 inhabitants on 61 km². The neo-Gothic basilica of Notre-Dame de Bon-Secours stands in the Bon-Secours section. – Bouillon Wallonie Bouillon is a French-speaking municipality in the province of Luxembourg (Belgium), in the arrondissement of Neufchâteau, near the French border. It has around 5,400 inhabitants on 149 km². The town lies in a bend of the Semois, overlooked by the castle, first documented in 988. – Aubel Wallonie Aubel is a French-speaking municipality in the province of Liège, Belgium, on the Herve plateau, east of Liège. It has around 4,300 inhabitants on 19 km² and comprises four sections. Val-Dieu Abbey, founded in the 13th century, is located in the municipality. – Beloeil Wallonie Belœil is a French-speaking municipality in Hainaut (Belgium), some twenty kilometres west of Mons. It has around 14,000 inhabitants on 62 km². The Château de Belœil, surrounded by moats, and the Blaton-Ath canal mark its territory. – Tubize Wallonie Tubize is a French-speaking municipality in western Walloon Brabant (Belgium), about 30 km southwest of Brussels, bordering Flanders. It has around 29,000 inhabitants over 33 km² and is crossed from south to north by the Charleroi–Brussels canal. – Thuin Wallonie Thuin is a French-speaking municipality in Hainaut (Belgium), the administrative seat of its arrondissement in the south of the province, on the Sambre. It has eight sections and around 14,900 inhabitants on 76 km². Its UNESCO-listed belfry overlooks the town, and the ruins of Aulne Abbey lie at Gozée. – Houffalize Wallonie Houffalize is a French-speaking municipality in the province of Luxembourg (Belgium), in the arrondissement of Bastogne, north of the town of Bastogne. It has around 5,300 inhabitants on 167 km². The eastern Ourthe, one of the two branches of the Ourthe, winds through the town of Houffalize. – Lierneux Wallonie Lierneux is a French-speaking municipality in the province of Liège, Belgium, in the High Ardennes, in the Lienne valley. It has around 3,600 inhabitants on 92 km² and comprises three sections. The Prés de la Lienne nature reserve covers 92 hectares of its territory. – Leuze-en-Hainaut Wallonie In north-western Hainaut (Belgium), Leuze-en-Hainaut is a French-speaking municipality in the Tournai-Mouscron arrondissement. It has around 14,000 inhabitants on 74 km², in ten sections. The collegiate church of Saint-Pierre, built in 1745, marks its centre. – Rochefort Wallonie Rochefort is a French-speaking municipality in the province of Namur (Belgium), where the Famenne, the Calestienne and the Ardennes meet. It has around 12,700 inhabitants across 166 km². The town centre sits in a loop of the Lomme, and the Lesse runs through the Han-sur-Lesse caves. – Le Roeulx Wallonie Le Roeulx is a French-speaking municipality in Hainaut (Belgium), in the arrondissement of Soignies, between Mons and La Louvière. It has five sections and around 8,700 inhabitants on 43 km². The castle of the Croÿ princes stands in Le Roeulx, and the Canal du Centre runs alongside Thieu. – Tintigny Wallonie Tintigny is a French-speaking municipality in the province of Luxembourg (Belgium), in the arrondissement of Virton, east of Florenville. It has around 4,600 inhabitants on 82 km². The Semois, a tributary of the Meuse, crosses the north of the municipality. – Stoumont Wallonie Stoumont is a French-speaking municipality in the province of Liège, Belgium, in the Ardennes, in the Amblève valley. It has around 3,100 inhabitants on 108 km² and comprises five sections. Its altitude ranges from about 150 to 550 m, and La Gleize overlooks the valley. – Frasnes-lez-Anvaing Wallonie Frasnes-lez-Anvaing is a French-speaking municipality in the Pays des Collines, in northern Hainaut (Belgium). It has fourteen sections and around 12,000 inhabitants on 113 km². The Rhosnes crosses its west, and the Château d'Anvaing stands at Anvaing. – Yvoir Wallonie Yvoir is a French-speaking municipality in the province of Namur (Belgium), on the Meuse, north of Dinant. It has around 9,100 inhabitants across 57 km². The Meuse and the Bocq meet there, and the ruins of Poilvache Castle overlook the village of Houx from a clifftop. – Silly Wallonie Silly is a French-speaking municipality in Hainaut (Belgium), in the arrondissement of Ath, north-east of the town of Ath. It has eight sections and around 8,500 inhabitants on 69 km². The Sille, a small stream crossing its territory, gave the municipality its name. – Manhay Wallonie Manhay is a French-speaking municipality in the province of Luxembourg (Belgium), in the arrondissement of Marche-en-Famenne, east of the town of Marche-en-Famenne. It has around 3,700 inhabitants on 120 km². The Aisne, a tributary of the Ourthe, rises here on the Tailles plateau. – Libramont-Chevigny Wallonie Libramont-Chevigny is a French-speaking municipality in the province of Luxembourg (Belgium), in the arrondissement of Neufchâteau, north-west of the town of Neufchâteau. It has around 12,000 inhabitants on 178 km². The western Ourthe rises here, near the hamlet of Ourt. – Bernissart Wallonie On the French border, Bernissart is a French-speaking municipality in Hainaut (Belgium) with five sections and around 12,000 inhabitants on 44 km². The Blaton-Ath and Nimy-Blaton-Péronnes canals run through it, and the Harchies marshes extend to the west. – Rixensart Wallonie Rixensart is a French-speaking municipality in Walloon Brabant (Belgium), about 20 km south-southeast of Brussels and 6 km west of Wavre. It has around 23,000 inhabitants over 18 km². The Lasne flows through it, and Lake Genval lies in the north. – Brunehaut Wallonie Brunehaut is a French-speaking municipality in Hainaut (Belgium), in the arrondissement of Tournai, south of Tournai and near the French border. It has nine sections and around 8,100 inhabitants on 46 km². The Pierre Brunehaut menhir stands at Hollain. – Érezée Wallonie Érezée is a French-speaking municipality in the province of Luxembourg (Belgium), in the arrondissement of Marche-en-Famenne, north-east of the town of Marche-en-Famenne. It has around 3,300 inhabitants on 78 km². The Aisne, a tributary of the Ourthe, crosses it from south to north. – Durbuy Wallonie Durbuy is a French-speaking municipality in the province of Luxembourg (Belgium), in the arrondissement of Marche-en-Famenne, north-east of the town of Marche-en-Famenne. It has around 11,500 inhabitants on 157 km². The Ourthe crosses it and Durbuy has a castle rebuilt in the 19th century. – Écaussinnes Wallonie Crossed by the Sennette, a tributary of the Senne, Écaussinnes is a French-speaking municipality in Hainaut (Belgium) with three sections and around 12,000 inhabitants on 35 km². It is home to the Château de La Follie and the Écaussinnes-Lalaing fortress. – Genappe Wallonie Genappe is a French-speaking municipality in Walloon Brabant (Belgium), south of Waterloo, along the Brussels–Charleroi road. It has around 16,000 inhabitants over 90 km². The Dyle rises at Houtain-le-Val, one of its eight sections. – Liège Wallonie Liège (Luik in Dutch) is a French-speaking city and municipality in the province of Liège, Belgium, at the confluence of the Meuse and the Ourthe. It has around 198,000 inhabitants on 69 km². The Prince-Bishops' Palace stands on Place Saint-Lambert. – Honnelles Wallonie Honnelles is a French-speaking municipality in Hainaut (Belgium), in the arrondissement of Mons, south-west of Mons on the French border. It has ten sections and around 5,200 inhabitants on 44 km². The Grande Honnelle and the Petite Honnelle cross its territory. – Meix-devant-Virton Wallonie Meix-devant-Virton is a French-speaking municipality in the province of Luxembourg (Belgium), in the arrondissement of Virton, in Gaume, west of Virton. It has around 2,800 inhabitants on 54 km². The Chevratte, a tributary of the Ton, crosses it from north to south. – Virton Wallonie Virton is a French-speaking municipality in the province of Luxembourg (Belgium), administrative centre of the arrondissement of Virton, near the French border. It has around 11,400 inhabitants on 94 km². The Musée de la vie gaumaise, founded in 1939, occupies a former Recollect convent. – Erquelinnes Wallonie A French-speaking border municipality in southern Hainaut (Belgium), Erquelinnes has six sections and around 10,000 inhabitants on 45 km². The Sambre enters Belgium here from France, facing the French town of Jeumont, close to Maubeuge. – Rebecq Wallonie Rebecq is a French-speaking municipality in western Walloon Brabant (Belgium), about 27 km southwest of Brussels. It has around 11,000 inhabitants over 39 km². The Senne flows through it, and the Arenberg mills stand on its course. – Seraing Wallonie Seraing is a French-speaking municipality in the province of Liège, Belgium, on the Meuse, south-west of Liège. It has around 64,000 inhabitants on 35 km². The former Val-Saint-Lambert Abbey, later a crystal works, stands beside the river. – Sainte-Ode Wallonie Sainte-Ode is a French-speaking municipality in the province of Luxembourg (Belgium), in the arrondissement of Bastogne, between Saint-Hubert and Bastogne. It has around 2,700 inhabitants on 98 km². The western Ourthe, one of the two branches of the Ourthe, flows through it. – Habay Wallonie Habay is a French-speaking municipality in the province of Luxembourg (Belgium), in the arrondissement of Virton, west of Arlon. It has around 8,700 inhabitants on 104 km². The Rulles crosses it and its territory extends partly over the Anlier forest. – Chimay Wallonie Formed in 1977 by the merger of fourteen municipalities, Chimay is a French-speaking municipality in southern Hainaut (Belgium) with around 9,700 inhabitants on 199 km². The Eau Blanche flows through the town, where the Château de Chimay stands. – Villers-la-Ville Wallonie Villers-la-Ville is a French-speaking municipality in southern Walloon Brabant (Belgium), east of Nivelles. It has around 11,000 inhabitants over 48 km². The Cistercian Villers Abbey, founded in 1146, stands on its territory, which the Thyle crosses. – Charleroi Wallonie A French-speaking city in Hainaut (Belgium) and seat of its arrondissement, Charleroi has around 204,000 inhabitants on 103 km². The Sambre flows through it from west to east, and the Bois du Cazier mining site, a UNESCO listing, lies in Marcinelle. – Les Bons Villers Wallonie North of Charleroi, Les Bons Villers is a French-speaking municipality in Hainaut (Belgium), formed in 1977 from five municipalities. It has around 9,600 inhabitants on 43 km². The Mellet keep, a tower from the late 13th century, is a listed monument. – Perwez Wallonie Perwez is a French-speaking municipality in eastern Walloon Brabant (Belgium), in the Hesbaye region, on the border with the province of Namur. It has around 10,000 inhabitants over 51 km². The Grande Gette (Gete) rises here; the town centre lies at about 148 m. – Grâce-Hollogne Wallonie Grâce-Hollogne is a French-speaking municipality in the province of Liège, Belgium, west of Liège, on the left bank of the Meuse. It has around 23,000 inhabitants on more than 30 km² and consists of five sections. Liège Airport is located within its territory. – Mons Wallonie Capital of the province of Hainaut (Belgium), Mons has around 96,000 inhabitants on 148 km². In the Haine valley, its Grand-Place is overlooked by the Baroque belfry, while the collegiate church of Sainte-Waudru stands in the historic centre. – Vaux-sur-Sûre Wallonie Vaux-sur-Sûre is a French-speaking municipality in the province of Luxembourg (Belgium), in the arrondissement of Bastogne, south-west of the town of Bastogne. It has around 6,300 inhabitants on 136 km². The Sûre (Sauer) rises here and flows east to the Luxembourg border. – Ellezelles Wallonie On the edge of Flanders, Ellezelles is a French-speaking municipality in Hainaut (Belgium) with three sections and around 6,000 inhabitants on 45 km². Its territory lies within the Pays des Collines Nature Park, a landscape of rolling hills. – Orp-Jauche Wallonie Orp-Jauche is a French-speaking municipality in eastern Walloon Brabant (Belgium), in the Hesbaye region, halfway between Brussels and Liège. It has around 9,000 inhabitants over 51 km², and its territory lies in the valley of the Petite Gette (Kleine Gete). – Malmedy Wallonie Malmedy is a French-speaking municipality with facilities for German speakers in the province of Liège, Belgium, in the Eastern Cantons, at the edge of the High Fens. It has around 13,000 inhabitants on 100 km². Its former abbey, founded around 648, stands in the town. – Binche Wallonie Between Mons and Charleroi, Binche is a French-speaking municipality in Hainaut (Belgium) with some 34,000 inhabitants on 61 km². Its medieval ramparts, punctuated by towers, encircle the old centre, where the belfry rises on the Grand-Place. – Attert Wallonie Attert is a French-speaking municipality in the province of Luxembourg (Belgium), in the arrondissement of Arlon, north of the town of Arlon. It has around 5,800 inhabitants on 71 km². The Attert, a 38 km river, rises here before joining the Alzette in Luxembourg. – Flobecq Wallonie A French-speaking municipality with language facilities for Dutch speakers, in the Pays des Collines in northern Hainaut (Belgium), Flobecq has around 3,400 inhabitants on 23 km². The Pottelberg wood, at the hamlet of La Houppe, has been protected since 1988. – Aywaille Wallonie Aywaille is a French-speaking municipality in the province of Liège, Belgium, in the Amblève valley, south of Liège. It has around 13,000 inhabitants on 80 km² and comprises four sections. The Remouchamps caves, crossed by an underground river, are located there. – Mont-Saint-Guibert Wallonie Mont-Saint-Guibert is a French-speaking municipality in Walloon Brabant (Belgium), south of Wavre. It has three sections and around 8,500 inhabitants over 19 km². The Orne waters its territory, where the Château de Bierbais stands, in Hévillers. – Chastre Wallonie Chastre is a French-speaking municipality in Walloon Brabant (Belgium), between Ottignies-Louvain-la-Neuve and Gembloux, 40 km from Brussels. It has around 7,800 inhabitants over 32 km². The Orne crosses it, as does the old Chaussée Brunehaut, a Roman road. – Affligem Vlaanderen Affligem is a municipality in the province of Flemish Brabant, Belgium, west-north-west of Brussels. It has around 13,700 inhabitants on 18 km² and comprises Essene, Hekelgem and Teralfene. The Benedictine Affligem Abbey stands in Hekelgem. – Kortrijk Vlaanderen Kortrijk is a Flemish city in West Flanders (Belgium), the main town of its arrondissement, on the river Leie. It has eight sections, around 80,800 inhabitants and covers 81 km². The UNESCO-listed Belfry and the Broel Towers on the Leie mark its centre. – Turnhout Vlaanderen Turnhout is a city and municipality in the Campine region of Antwerp Province (Belgium) and the administrative centre of the Turnhout arrondissement. It has around 47,000 inhabitants on 56 km². The castle of the Dukes of Brabant and the beguinage, a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1998, stand in the city. – Erpe-Mere Vlaanderen Erpe-Mere is a Dutch-speaking municipality in the province of East Flanders (Belgium), west of Aalst. It has eight sub-municipalities and around 21,000 inhabitants on 34 km². The Molenbeek-Ter Erpenbeek stream passes several protected watermills. – Merelbeke-Melle Vlaanderen Merelbeke-Melle is a municipality in the province of East Flanders (Belgium), created on 1 January 2025 by the merger of Merelbeke and Melle. It has around 37,000 inhabitants on 52 km², lies southeast of Ghent and is crossed by the Scheldt. – Tielt Vlaanderen Tielt is a city in the Belgian province of West Flanders and the seat of the Tielt arrondissement. Since 2025 the municipality has also included Meulebeke, with around 32,000 inhabitants on 98 km². The belfry and cloth hall on the Markt are UNESCO World Heritage. – Niel Vlaanderen Niel is a Dutch-speaking municipality in the province of Antwerp (Belgium), south of Antwerp. It has around 11,000 inhabitants on about 5 km² and lies on the Rupel, whose clay and brickworks gave it an industrial character in the 19th century. – Hamont-Achel Vlaanderen Hamont-Achel is a Flemish municipality in the Limburg Campine (Belgium), on the Dutch border south of Eindhoven. It has two sections, around 14,600 inhabitants and covers 44 km². Achel is home to the Trappist Abbey of Achel, Hamont to the Church of Saint Lawrence. – Antwerp Vlaanderen Antwerp is a city and municipality in Belgium, capital of the province of Antwerp, on the Scheldt. It has around 560,000 inhabitants on more than 200 km² and is the most populous municipality in the country. Deurne and Ekeren are districts of the city. – Harelbeke Vlaanderen Harelbeke is a city and municipality in the province of West Flanders, Belgium, in the arrondissement of Kortrijk. It has around 30,000 inhabitants on 29 km², lies on the river Leie north-east of Kortrijk and is home to the Sint-Salvator church. – Hoogstraten Vlaanderen Hoogstraten lies in the north of Antwerp Province (Belgium), in the Campine region, close to the Dutch border. The town has around 22,000 inhabitants on 105 km². St Catherine's Church (16th century) and the Wortel Colony, a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 2021, are located within its territory. – Sint-Niklaas Vlaanderen Sint-Niklaas is a city in the province of East Flanders (Belgium) and the capital of the arrondissement of the same name. It has around 82,000 inhabitants on 84 km², lies between Antwerp and Ghent and has a market square of 3.2 hectares, the largest in Belgium. – Beernem Vlaanderen Beernem is a rural municipality in the Belgian province of West Flanders, southeast of Bruges. It has around 16,300 inhabitants on 72 km² and comprises Beernem, Oedelem and Sint-Joris. Its territory includes the Bulskampveld provincial domain and its castle. – Bocholt Vlaanderen Bocholt is a Flemish municipality in the Limburg Campine (Belgium), close to the Dutch border. It has three sections, around 13,900 inhabitants and covers 59 km². The Zuid-Willemsvaart canal crosses its territory, and the tower of the Church of Saint Lawrence was moved in 1910. – Herentals Vlaanderen Herentals is a city and municipality in the province of Antwerp, Belgium, in the arrondissement of Turnhout. It has around 29,000 inhabitants on 48 km² and lies on the Kleine Nete, with the Albert Canal south of the town. St Waldetrudis Church stands in the centre. – Puurs-Sint-Amands Vlaanderen Puurs-Sint-Amands is a Dutch-speaking municipality in the province of Antwerp (Belgium), in the arrondissement of Mechelen. It has around 27,000 inhabitants on about 49 km² across seven sub-municipalities and includes Fort Liezele. – Deerlijk Vlaanderen Deerlijk is a municipality in the province of West Flanders, Belgium, in the arrondissement of Kortrijk. It has around 12,700 inhabitants on 17 km², lies between Kortrijk and Waregem north of the Gaverbeek stream and has the neoclassical Sint-Columba church. – Merksplas Vlaanderen In the Campine of Antwerp Province, near the Dutch border, lies the municipality of Merksplas (Belgium). It has around 8,900 inhabitants on 45 km². Its territory includes the Merksplas Colony, founded in 1823 as a colony for vagrants and now a protected historic landscape. – Oud-Turnhout Vlaanderen Oud-Turnhout is a municipality in the Campine region of Antwerp Province (Belgium), bordering Turnhout. It has around 14,800 inhabitants on 39 km² and has been independent since 1859. The former Corsendonk Priory, with Gothic and Renaissance elements, stands within its territory. – Zottegem Vlaanderen Zottegem is a Dutch-speaking town and municipality in the province of East Flanders (Belgium), in the Flemish Ardennes. It has around 28,000 inhabitants on 57 km². Egmont Castle, a medieval stronghold owned by the House of Egmont from 1530, stands in the town. – Oostkamp Vlaanderen Oostkamp is a Flemish municipality in West Flanders (Belgium), six kilometres south of Bruges. It has four sections, around 24,100 inhabitants and covers 80 km². The Ghent–Bruges Canal crosses its territory, which also holds about twenty castles and manor houses. – Stekene Vlaanderen Stekene is a municipality in the province of East Flanders (Belgium), in the Waasland region on the Dutch border. It has around 19,600 inhabitants on 45 km², lies northwest of Sint-Niklaas and is crossed by the Stekense Vaart canal. – Brasschaat Vlaanderen Brasschaat is a Dutch-speaking municipality in the province of Antwerp (Belgium), north-east of the city of Antwerp. It has around 38,500 inhabitants on about 39 km² and borders the Peerdsbos, a wooded estate of about 148 hectares adjoining the municipal park. – Diest Vlaanderen Diest is a city and municipality in the province of Flemish Brabant (Belgium), in the arrondissement of Leuven, with around 25,000 inhabitants on 59 km². The town lies in a loop of the Demer and has a UNESCO-listed beguinage and the Gothic Church of St. Sulpitius. – Wevelgem Vlaanderen Wevelgem is a municipality in the province of West Flanders, Belgium, in the arrondissement of Kortrijk. It has around 31,900 inhabitants on 39 km², lies west of Kortrijk on the river Leie and is home to Guldenberg Abbey and an international airport. – Arendonk Vlaanderen Arendonk is a municipality in the Campine region of Antwerp Province (Belgium), east of Turnhout. It has around 13,400 inhabitants on 55 km². The Toremans windmill, which is still operational, and the Church of Our Lady stand in the town centre. – Oudenaarde Vlaanderen Oudenaarde is a Dutch-speaking town and municipality in the province of East Flanders (Belgium), on the Scheldt. It has around 33,000 inhabitants on 69 km². Its Gothic town hall (1526-1537) has been UNESCO World Heritage since 1999, together with other belfries. – Damme Vlaanderen Damme is a Flemish town and municipality in West Flanders (Belgium), six kilometres north-east of Bruges. It has seven sections, around 11,300 inhabitants and covers 90 km². The Damse Vaart canal links the town to Bruges and to Sluis in the Netherlands. – Sint-Gillis-Waas Vlaanderen Sint-Gillis-Waas is a municipality in the province of East Flanders (Belgium), in the Waasland region on the Dutch border. It has around 20,100 inhabitants on 55 km², lies northwest of Sint-Niklaas and borders the Stropersbos forest at De Klinge. – Leuven Vlaanderen Leuven is a city and municipality in Belgium, capital of the province of Flemish Brabant, about 25 km east of Brussels. It has around 104,000 inhabitants on about 58 km²; the Dyle flows through the city, whose heritage includes the town hall and the Great Béguinage. – Ingelmunster Vlaanderen Ingelmunster is a municipality in the Belgian province of West Flanders, in the Roeselare arrondissement, north of Kortrijk. It has around 11,600 inhabitants on 16 km². The river Mandel flows through it, and Ingelmunster Castle stands on its territory. – Anzegem Vlaanderen Anzegem is a municipality in the province of West Flanders, Belgium, in the arrondissement of Kortrijk. It has around 15,100 inhabitants on 42 km², lies east of Kortrijk and has the Hof ter Walskerke watermill, the only one still working in the province. – Baarle-Hertog Vlaanderen Baarle-Hertog is a municipality in the Campine region of Antwerp Province (Belgium) with around 3,000 inhabitants on 7 km². Its territory consists of a main part, Zondereigen, and several Belgian exclaves inside Dutch Baarle-Nassau; the national border runs through some buildings. – Deinze Vlaanderen Deinze is a Dutch-speaking town and municipality in the province of East Flanders (Belgium), on the Leie, south-west of Ghent. It has around 46,000 inhabitants on 128 km² and 17 sub-municipalities. Ooidonk Castle, originally a fortification on the Leie, lies within its territory. – Ostend Vlaanderen Ostend (Oostende) is a Flemish coastal city on the North Sea in West Flanders (Belgium), about 20 km north-west of Bruges. It has around 72,800 inhabitants and covers 38 km². Fort Napoleon stands in the dunes, and the three-masted Mercator is moored there as a museum ship. – Dendermonde Vlaanderen Dendermonde is a city in the province of East Flanders (Belgium) and the capital of the arrondissement of the same name. It has around 47,200 inhabitants on 57 km² and lies at the mouth of the Dender in the Scheldt, with a UNESCO-listed béguinage. – Huldenberg Vlaanderen Huldenberg is a Dutch-speaking municipality in Flemish Brabant (Belgium), in the arrondissement of Leuven, south-east of Brussels. It has around 10,000 inhabitants on about 40 km²; the Dyle flows through its hilly landscape and a castle stands in Huldenberg. – Hoegaarden Vlaanderen Hoegaarden is a municipality in the province of Flemish Brabant (Belgium), in the arrondissement of Leuven, with around 7,000 inhabitants on 37 km². It consists of Hoegaarden, Meldert and Outgaarden; the baroque Church of St. Gorgonius stands in the centre of the village. – Waregem Vlaanderen Waregem is a city in the Belgian province of West Flanders, in the Kortrijk arrondissement. It lies in the Leie valley between Kortrijk and Ghent, with around 40,000 inhabitants on 44 km². The Flanders Field American Cemetery is on its territory. – Diksmuide Vlaanderen Diksmuide (Dixmude) is a city and municipality in the province of West Flanders, Belgium, and the capital of the arrondissement of the same name. It has around 17,200 inhabitants on 150 km², lies on the river Yser (IJzer) and is home to the IJzertoren. – Malle Vlaanderen Malle is a municipality in the Campine region of Antwerp Province (Belgium), east of Antwerp. It has around 16,200 inhabitants on 52 km² and consists of Oostmalle and Westmalle. Westmalle Abbey, a Trappist monastery, and Westmalle Castle lie within its territory. – Gavere Vlaanderen Gavere is a Dutch-speaking municipality in the province of East Flanders (Belgium), south of Ghent. It has six sub-municipalities and around 13,000 inhabitants on 31 km². The Scheldt flows through a broad valley; Grenier Castle stands on its eastern slope. – Olen Vlaanderen Olen is a municipality in the province of Antwerp, Belgium, in the arrondissement of Turnhout, in the Campine region. It has around 12,900 inhabitants on 23 km² and lies south of the Albert Canal, where the Olen lock has a lift of 10 metres. – Buggenhout Vlaanderen Buggenhout is a municipality in the province of East Flanders (Belgium), between Dendermonde and Mechelen. It has around 15,000 inhabitants on 25 km² and borders the Buggenhoutbos, a state forest of about 156 hectares on the edge of Flemish Brabant. – Landen Vlaanderen Landen is a city and municipality in the province of Flemish Brabant (Belgium), in the arrondissement of Leuven, with around 16,000 inhabitants on 54 km². Between Overwinden and Neerwinden lies the Roman tumulus of Middelwinden, dating from the 2nd century. – Roeselare Vlaanderen Roeselare is a city in the Belgian province of West Flanders and the seat of the Roeselare arrondissement. It has around 66,000 inhabitants on 60 km². The city hall, market hall and belfry on the Grote Markt are UNESCO World Heritage. – Vleteren Vlaanderen Vleteren is a rural municipality in the province of West Flanders, Belgium, in the arrondissement of Ypres. It has around 3,600 inhabitants on 39 km², lies north-west of Ypres and includes, in Westvleteren, the Trappist abbey of St. Sixtus. – Mol Vlaanderen Mol is a municipality in the Campine region of Antwerp Province (Belgium), south-east of Turnhout. It has around 38,500 inhabitants on 114 km². Postel Abbey, a 12th-century Premonstratensian abbey, and the SCK CEN nuclear research centre (1952) lie within its territory. – Aalter Vlaanderen Aalter is a Dutch-speaking municipality in the province of East Flanders (Belgium), between Ghent and Bruges. It has around 30,000 inhabitants on 120 km² and merged with Knesselare in 2019. The Bruges-Ghent canal crosses it, and a rococo castle stands in Poeke. – Westerlo Vlaanderen Westerlo is a municipality in the province of Antwerp, Belgium, in the arrondissement of Turnhout, in the Campine region. It has around 25,700 inhabitants on 55 km² and comprises seven sections. In the centre stands the de Merode family castle, now the town hall. – Lebbeke Vlaanderen Lebbeke is a municipality in the province of East Flanders (Belgium), in the arrondissement of Dendermonde. It has around 20,100 inhabitants on 27 km², lies between Brussels, Aalst and Dendermonde and belongs to the Denderstreek, in the Dender valley. – Holsbeek Vlaanderen Holsbeek is a Dutch-speaking municipality in Flemish Brabant (Belgium), in the arrondissement of Leuven, north-east of Leuven. It has around 10,200 inhabitants on about 39 km² across four sub-municipalities and includes the medieval castle of Horst in Sint-Pieters-Rode. – Hasselt Vlaanderen Hasselt is a city and municipality in Belgium, capital of the province of Limburg and of the arrondissement of the same name, with around 90,000 inhabitants on 137 km². The Demer and the Albert Canal run through its territory; St. Quentin's Cathedral stands in the city centre. – Lo-Reninge Vlaanderen Lo-Reninge is a town and municipality in the province of West Flanders, Belgium, in the arrondissement of Diksmuide. It has around 3,200 inhabitants on 63 km² and has, in Lo, 13th-century town walls and a belfry on the UNESCO World Heritage List. – Putte Vlaanderen Putte is a municipality in the south of Antwerp Province (Belgium), east of Mechelen. It has around 19,000 inhabitants on 35 km² and also includes Beerzel. The Beerzelberg, at 51.6 m the highest point of Antwerp Province, lies within its territory. – Evergem Vlaanderen Evergem is a Dutch-speaking municipality in the province of East Flanders (Belgium), north of Ghent. It has around 37,000 inhabitants on 75 km². The Ghent-Terneuzen canal runs alongside the villages of Kerkbrugge, Doornzele and Rieme and the North Sea Port harbour area. – Opwijk Vlaanderen Opwijk is a municipality in the province of Flemish Brabant (Belgium), about 20 km north-west of Brussels. It has around 15,000 inhabitants on 20 km² and consists of Opwijk and Mazenzele. The 15th-century Church of Saint Paul, with a classical west façade of 1773, is a protected monument. – Lede Vlaanderen Lede is a municipality in the province of East Flanders (Belgium), in the arrondissement of Aalst. It has around 19,400 inhabitants on 30 km², lies between Aalst and Ghent and is crossed by the Molenbeek; it holds the Saint Martin's Church and the park of Mesen Castle. – Zonhoven Vlaanderen Zonhoven is a municipality in the province of Limburg (Belgium), in the arrondissement of Hasselt, with around 22,000 inhabitants on 39 km². It lies north of Hasselt; in the east of the municipality stands the Holsteen, a group of sandstone blocks. – Rotselaar Vlaanderen Rotselaar is a Dutch-speaking municipality in Flemish Brabant (Belgium), north-east of Leuven. It has around 17,700 inhabitants on about 37 km², split between Rotselaar, Werchter and Wezemaal, near the confluence of the Demer and the Dyle, and has the Ter Heyden keep. – Mechelen Vlaanderen Mechelen is a city and municipality in Antwerp Province (Belgium) and the seat of the arrondissement of the same name, midway between Antwerp and Brussels. It has around 89,000 inhabitants on 66 km². The river Dyle flows through the city, where St Rumbold's Cathedral stands. – Poperinge Vlaanderen Poperinge is a town in the Belgian province of West Flanders, in the Ypres arrondissement, west of Ypres and on the French border. It has around 20,000 inhabitants on 120 km². Talbot House and Lijssenthoek Military Cemetery recall the First World War. – Willebroek Vlaanderen Willebroek is a municipality in the Mechelen arrondissement, in Antwerp Province (Belgium), north-west of Mechelen. It has around 28,200 inhabitants on 27 km². The Brussels-Scheldt Maritime Canal, which links it to Brussels, runs through its territory. – Bilzen-Hoeselt Vlaanderen Bilzen-Hoeselt is a municipality in the province of Limburg (Belgium), in the arrondissement of Tongeren, formed in 2025 by the merger of Bilzen and Hoeselt, with around 43,000 inhabitants on 106 km². In Rijkhoven lies the Alden Biesen commandery of the Teutonic Order. – Lochristi Vlaanderen Lochristi is a municipality in the Belgian province of East Flanders, northeast of Ghent. Since 2025 it has also included Wachtebeke, with around 30,900 inhabitants on 95 km². St Nicholas' Church stands in the village centre, and the Puyenbroeck provincial domain lies in Wachtebeke.

Pilsen (Plzeň) Plzeòský kraj Birthplace of Pilsner and an iconic beer city.

– Thiviers Nouvelle-Aquitaine Thiviers is a commune in the Dordogne department (Nouvelle-Aquitaine), in the Nontron arrondissement, about 30 km north-east of Périgueux. It has around 2,900 inhabitants on 28 km². The church of Notre-Dame-de-l'Assomption, listed in 1926, stands in the town. – Besançon Bourgogne-Franche-Comté Besançon is the prefecture of the Doubs department (Bourgogne-Franche-Comté), about 75 km east of Dijon. It has around 120,000 inhabitants on 65 km². The Doubs forms a loop here, overlooked by Vauban's citadel, a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 2008. – Pontarlier Bourgogne-Franche-Comté Pontarlier is a sub-prefecture of the Doubs department (Bourgogne-Franche-Comté), about 45 km south-east of Besançon and close to the Swiss border. It has around 18,000 inhabitants on 41 km², at over 800 m altitude. The Porte Saint-Pierre dates from the 18th century. – Pirey Bourgogne-Franche-Comté Pirey is a commune in the Doubs department (Bourgogne-Franche-Comté), in the Besançon arrondissement, about 5 km north-west of the city. It has around 2,200 inhabitants on 7 km². The 17th-century church of Saint-Martin holds some forty listed objects. – Le Bugue Nouvelle-Aquitaine Le Bugue is a French commune in the Dordogne department (Nouvelle-Aquitaine), in the arrondissement of Sarlat-la-Canéda. It has around 2,600 inhabitants and covers 29 km². The Vézère crosses it for nearly nine kilometres, shortly before joining the Dordogne near Limeuil. – Nontron Nouvelle-Aquitaine Nontron is a French commune in the Dordogne department (Nouvelle-Aquitaine) and the sub-prefecture of the Périgord Vert. It has around 3,000 inhabitants and covers 25 km². The Bandiat river crosses it from east to west, and it lies within the Périgord-Limousin Regional Natural Park. – Marsac-sur-l'Isle Nouvelle-Aquitaine Marsac-sur-l'Isle is a French commune in the Dordogne department (Nouvelle-Aquitaine), in the arrondissement of Périgueux. It has over 3,000 inhabitants and covers 10 km², and belongs to the urban area of Périgueux. The Isle, the main tributary of the Dordogne, flows through its territory. – Angoulême Nouvelle-Aquitaine Angoulême is the prefecture of the Charente department in Nouvelle-Aquitaine, France. It has around 41,000 inhabitants on 22 km². Its old town stands on a limestone spur above the river Charente, encircled by ramparts, and holds the Romanesque Saint-Pierre Cathedral. – Cognac Nouvelle-Aquitaine Cognac is a French commune and subprefecture of the Charente department in Nouvelle-Aquitaine. It has around 18,500 inhabitants on 16 km². The river Charente loops through the town, which holds the Château des Valois, birthplace of Francis I in 1494, and Saint-Léger church. – La Rochelle Nouvelle-Aquitaine La Rochelle is the prefecture of the Charente-Maritime department in Nouvelle-Aquitaine, France. It has around 80,000 inhabitants on 28 km², on the Atlantic coast. Its Old Port is guarded by three medieval towers: Saint-Nicolas, the Chain Tower and the Lantern Tower. – Carcassonne Occitanie Carcassonne is a French commune and the prefecture of the Aude department (Occitanie), about 95 km southeast of Toulouse. It has around 46,000 inhabitants on 65 km². The Aude and the Canal du Midi run through it, and the fortified medieval Cité, a UNESCO site since 1997, overlooks the lower town. – Narbonne Occitanie Narbonne is a French commune and sub-prefecture of the Aude department (Occitanie), on the Mediterranean coast. It has around 57,000 inhabitants on 173 km². The Canal de la Robine, linked to the Canal du Midi, runs through the town; the unfinished Cathedral of Saint-Just and Saint-Pasteur marks its centre. – Gruissan Occitanie Gruissan is a French commune in the Aude department (Occitanie), about 15 km southeast of Narbonne on the Mediterranean coast. It has around 5,000 inhabitants on 44 km². The circular village spreads around the Barberousse Tower, between the Étang de Gruissan and the Clape massif. – Lannion Bretagne Lannion is a French commune in the Côtes-d'Armor department of Brittany and the seat of its arrondissement. It has around 20,000 inhabitants and covers 44 km². The river Léguer runs through it, and the church of the Trinity at Brélévenez overlooks the old town. – Quillan Occitanie Quillan is a French commune in the Aude department (Occitanie), in the arrondissement of Limoux, at the foot of the Pyrenees. It has around 3,000 inhabitants on 35 km², at altitudes from 261 to 1,122 m. The Aude flows through it, at the entrance to the Pierre-Lys gorge, and a château overlooks the town. – Saint-Cast-le-Guildo Bretagne Saint-Cast-le-Guildo is a French commune in the Côtes-d'Armor department of Brittany, on a peninsula of the Emerald Coast. It has around 3,400 inhabitants and covers 23 km². The river Arguenon reaches the sea on its territory, and the Pointe de Saint-Cast faces Cap Fréhel. – Saint-Quay-Portrieux Bretagne Saint-Quay-Portrieux is a French commune in the Côtes-d'Armor department of Brittany, on the Bay of Saint-Brieuc. It has around 3,300 inhabitants and covers 4 km². The semaphore station of 1860, on a headland above the sea, looks over the bay between Bréhat and Cap Fréhel. – Saint-Germain Grand Est Saint-Germain is a French commune in the Aube department (Grand Est), southwest of the Troyes urban area. It has around 2,400 inhabitants on 14 km² and includes the hamlets of Lépine, Chevillèle and Linçon. The church of Saint-Germain-d'Auxerre, begun in the 16th century, keeps period stained glass. – Binic-Étables-sur-Mer Bretagne Binic-Étables-sur-Mer is a French commune in the Côtes-d'Armor department of Brittany, created in 2016 on the Bay of Saint-Brieuc. It has around 7,000 inhabitants and covers 15 km². The villas of Oscar Legris, built around 1900, line the Plage des Godelins at Étables-sur-Mer. – Bergerac Nouvelle-Aquitaine Bergerac is a French commune in the Dordogne department of Nouvelle-Aquitaine and the seat of its arrondissement. It has around 27,000 inhabitants and covers 56 km². The river Dordogne flows through it for more than 8 km, and the church of Saint-Jacques stands in the town centre near Place Pélissière. – Talant Bourgogne-Franche-Comté Talant is a commune in the Côte-d'Or department (Bourgogne-Franche-Comté), about 5 km north-west of Dijon, within its urban area. It has around 12,000 inhabitants and covers 5 km². The Gothic Church of Notre-Dame and the Tour de la Confrérie survive from the former fortified town. – Quetigny Bourgogne-Franche-Comté Quetigny is a commune in the Côte-d'Or department (Burgundy-Franche-Comté), 7 km east of Dijon, within Dijon Métropole. It has around 9,000 inhabitants on 8 km², up from 300 in the 1960s. The Château de la Motte and the Saint-Martin church make up its built heritage. – Quévert Bretagne Quévert is a commune in the Côtes-d'Armor department (Brittany), about 3 km north-west of Dinan, in the arrondissement of Dinan. It has around 4,000 inhabitants and covers 12 km². The Chapelle Sainte-Anne-du-Rocher, built directly into the rock, was consecrated in 1700. – Tréguier Bretagne Tréguier is a commune in the Côtes-d'Armor department (Brittany), in the arrondissement of Lannion, about 19 km east of Lannion. It has around 2,300 inhabitants and covers 1.5 km², at the confluence of the Jaudy and the Guindy. The 14th- and 15th-century Cathedral of Saint-Tugdual dominates the town. – Caen Normandie Caen is a French commune and the prefecture of Calvados (Normandy), with around 108,000 inhabitants on 25.7 km². Located about ten kilometres from the English Channel, at the confluence of the Orne and the Odon, it is home to the Abbaye aux Hommes, the Abbaye aux Dames and a castle built around 1060. – Saint-Cannat Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur Saint-Cannat is a French commune in the Bouches-du-Rhône (Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur) with around 6,100 inhabitants on 37 km², between Aix-en-Provence and Salon-de-Provence, on the Route nationale 7. It is home to the Suffren and Old Saint-Cannat Museum. – Périgny Nouvelle-Aquitaine Périgny is a commune in Charente-Maritime (Nouvelle-Aquitaine), east of La Rochelle and part of its urban area. It has around 8,900 inhabitants and covers 11 km². Its church of Saint-Cybard, dating from the 13th to 15th centuries, is listed as a historic monument. – Rousset Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur Rousset is a French commune in the Bouches-du-Rhône (Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur) with around 5,400 inhabitants on 19.5 km², close to Aix-en-Provence. It lies at the foot of the Cengle plateau and has the Romanesque chapel of Saint-Privat. – Ouistreham Normandie Ouistreham is a French commune in Calvados (Normandy) with around 9,200 inhabitants on 10 km², at the mouth of the Orne, north-east of Caen. It has the church of Saint-Samson, built around 1150, and the entrance to the Caen Canal to the sea. – Les Monts d'Aunay Normandie Les Monts d'Aunay is a commune nouvelle in Calvados (Normandy), created in 2017, with around 4,800 inhabitants on 69 km², about thirty kilometres south-west of Caen. The Odon, a 47-km tributary of the Orne, rises there, in the arrondissement of Vire. – Millau Occitanie Millau is a commune in the Aveyron department (Occitanie, France), a sub-prefecture of around 22,000 inhabitants covering 168 km². It lies at the confluence of the Tarn and the Dourbie in the Grands Causses Regional Nature Park, close to the Millau Viaduct, which opened in 2004 across the Tarn valley. – Valdallière Normandie Valdallière is a commune nouvelle in Calvados (Normandy), created in 2016, with around 5,700 inhabitants on 158 km², between Vire and Condé-sur-Noireau. Its seat is Vassy, and it is named after the Allière, a stream that flows into the Vire. – Saint-Geniez-d'Olt-et-d'Aubrac Occitanie Saint-Geniez-d'Olt-et-d'Aubrac is a commune in the Aveyron department (Occitanie, France), created in 2016, with around 2,100 inhabitants on 90 km². It is drained by the Lot in the Aubrac Regional Nature Park and is home to the former Pénitents convent, a protected historic monument. – Douvres-la-Délivrande Normandie Douvres-la-Délivrande is a French commune in Calvados (Normandy) with around 5,100 inhabitants on 10.7 km², north of Caen, near the Côte de Nacre. It is home to the Basilica of Notre-Dame-de-la-Délivrande, a pilgrimage site, and a radar museum. – Decazeville Occitanie Decazeville is a commune in the Aveyron department (Occitanie, France) with around 5,000 inhabitants on 14 km², founded in 1833 around the mines and foundries of Duke Decazes. It occupies the Riou-Mort valley, a tributary of the Lot, and preserves the former open-pit mine of La Découverte. – Onet-le-Château Occitanie Onet-le-Château is a commune in the Aveyron department (Occitanie, France), in the northern suburbs of Rodez, with around 12,000 inhabitants on 40 km². It lies mainly in the basin of the Auterne, a tributary of the Aveyron; its château and chapel, now the parish church, are listed monuments. – Vire Normandie Normandie Vire Normandie is a commune nouvelle in Calvados (Normandy), created in 2016 through the merger of eight communes. A sub-prefecture with around 17,400 inhabitants on 138.5 km² in the Vire bocage, it is crossed by the Vire and has the Porte-Horloge clock gate. – Aix-en-Provence Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur Aix-en-Provence is a commune in the Bouches-du-Rhône department (Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, France), a sub-prefecture of around 150,000 inhabitants on 186 km², 30 km north of Marseille. Founded in 122 BC, it has Saint-Sauveur Cathedral; the Montagne Sainte-Victoire (1,011 m) rises to the east. – Miramas Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur Miramas is a commune in the Bouches-du-Rhône department (Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, France), in the arrondissement of Istres, with around 26,000 inhabitants on 26 km². It lies at the north end of the Étang de Berre, overlooked by the hilltop village of Miramas-le-Vieux, recorded in 1118. – Arles Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur Arles is a commune in the Bouches-du-Rhône department (Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, France), seat of an arrondissement with around 51,500 inhabitants on 759 km², the largest in metropolitan France by area. The Rhône runs through it, the Camargue is part of it, and a Roman amphitheatre stands there. – Saint-Chamas Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur Saint-Chamas is a commune in the Bouches-du-Rhône department (Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, France) with around 8,700 inhabitants on 27 km², on the shore of the Étang de Berre, 15 km south of Salon-de-Provence. The Roman-era Pont Flavien crosses the Touloubre at the entrance to the town. – Saint-Martin-de-Crau Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur Saint-Martin-de-Crau is a commune in the Bouches-du-Rhône department (Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, France), in the arrondissement of Arles, with around 14,000 inhabitants on 215 km². Its territory covers the Crau plain, a steppe landscape, and reaches the Alpilles massif in the north. – Aubagne Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur Aubagne is a commune in the Bouches-du-Rhône department (Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, France), in the arrondissement of Marseille, with around 47,500 inhabitants on 55 km², 17 km east of Marseille. It lies in the Huveaune valley, at the foot of the Garlaban massif. – Valence Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes Valence is a French commune and the prefecture of the Drôme department (Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes). It has around 64,000 inhabitants and covers 37 km² on the left bank of the Rhône, and is home to Saint-Apollinaire Cathedral, built between 1063 and 1099. – Romans-sur-Isère Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes Romans-sur-Isère is a French commune in the Drôme department (Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes), in the arrondissement of Valence. It has around 33,000 inhabitants and covers 33 km² on the Isère river, and is home to the Collegiate Church of Saint-Barnard, dating from the 12th and 13th centuries. – Nyons Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes Nyons is a French commune in the Drôme department (Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes) and a sub-prefecture of the department. It has around 6,800 inhabitants and covers 23 km², in a basin crossed by the Eygues, which is spanned by the Pont Roman, a single-arch bridge of 43 m completed in 1409. – Chabeuil Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes Chabeuil is a French commune in the Drôme department (Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes), in the arrondissement of Valence. It has around 6,800 inhabitants and covers 41 km², about 10 km east of Valence, and preserves a fortified gate-tower from the 13th and 14th centuries. – Die Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes Die is a French commune in the Drôme department (Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes) and a sub-prefecture of the department. It has around 4,800 inhabitants and covers 57 km², in the Drôme valley at the foot of the Vercors, and is home to Notre-Dame Cathedral, with an 11th-century portico. – Morlaix Bretagne Morlaix is a commune in Finistère (Brittany), a sub-prefecture and the seat of its arrondissement. It has around 15,000 inhabitants over 25 km² and lies at the head of a tidal ria, between 0 and 104 m above sea level. A 19th-century railway viaduct towers over its old town. – Roscoff Bretagne Roscoff is a port commune on the north coast of Finistère (Brittany), in the arrondissement of Morlaix. It has around 3,300 inhabitants over 6 km², facing the Île de Batz. The 16th-century church of Notre-Dame de Croaz Batz and the marine biology station, founded in 1872, mark the town. – Plonéis Bretagne Plonéis is a rural commune in Finistère (Brittany), in the arrondissement of Quimper. It has around 2,400 inhabitants over 22 km², west of Quimper. The Goyen, a coastal river flowing into the sea at Audierne, rises here; the church of Saint-Gilles stands in the village centre. – Caumont-sur-Aure Normandie Caumont-sur-Aure is a commune nouvelle in Calvados (Normandy), created in 2017, with around 2,400 inhabitants on 36 km², at the boundary of the Bessin and the Vire bocage. It lies on the Aure, a tributary of the Vire, from which it takes its name. – Crest Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes Crest is a commune in the Drôme department (Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes), in the arrondissement of Die, on the Drôme river, 25 km from Valence. It has around 8,700 inhabitants over 23 km². Its medieval keep, the Tour de Crest, rises 52 metres above the town. – Gisors Normandie Gisors is a commune in the Eure department (Normandy), on the edge of the Norman Vexin, 62 km from Paris. It has around 12,400 inhabitants over 17 km². Its castle, founded around 1096 on a motte, overlooks the town, which the Epte river crosses. – Gasny Normandie Gasny is a commune in the Eure department (Normandy), in the Epte valley, 10 km from Vernon and 6 km from Giverny. It has around 3,100 inhabitants over 13 km². The former Benedictine priory of Saint-Nicaise, dating from the 12th century, is a listed historic monument. – Suze-la-Rousse Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes Suze-la-Rousse is a commune in the Drôme department (Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes), on the left bank of the Lez, 23 km north of Orange. It has around 2,100 inhabitants over 31 km². Its castle, a 12th–14th-century fortress remodelled in the Renaissance, overlooks the village. – Val-de-Reuil Normandie Val-de-Reuil is a commune in the Eure department (Normandy), in a loop of the Seine south of Rouen. A new town created in the 1970s, it has around 13,200 inhabitants over 27 km². The Basse Crémonville menhir, listed in 1927, stands there. – Nogent-le-Rotrou Centre-Val de Loire Nogent-le-Rotrou is a commune in the Perche and a subprefecture of Eure-et-Loir (Centre-Val de Loire), 52 km west of Chartres. It has around 9,300 inhabitants on 23 km². The Huisne flows through it and the 11th-century keep of Château Saint-Jean overlooks the town. – Brest Bretagne Brest is a commune in the Finistère department in Brittany, a subprefecture at the tip of the Armorican peninsula. It has around 141,000 inhabitants on 50 km². The river Penfeld, which flows into the Rade de Brest, divides it, and the Château de Brest guards its mouth. – Saint-Pol-de-Léon Bretagne Saint-Pol-de-Léon is a commune in the Finistère department in Brittany (arrondissement of Morlaix), on the English Channel, 20 km north-west of Morlaix. It has around 6,900 inhabitants on 23 km². A former episcopal seat, it has Saint-Paul-Aurélien Cathedral and the Kreisker chapel. – Carhaix-Plouguer Bretagne Carhaix-Plouguer is a commune in the Finistère department in Brittany (arrondissement of Châteaulin), in the heart of the Poher. It has around 7,300 inhabitants on 26 km². The former Roman Vorgium is bordered to the north by the Hyères and crossed by the Nantes–Brest canal. – Telgruc-sur-Mer Bretagne Telgruc-sur-Mer is a commune in the Finistère department in Brittany (arrondissement of Châteaulin), in the south-east of the Crozon peninsula, on Douarnenez Bay. It has around 2,150 inhabitants on 28 km². The coastal river Aber crosses it; Saint-Magloire church stands in the village. – Ploumoguer Bretagne Ploumoguer is a coastal commune in Finistère (Brittany), in the arrondissement of Brest. It has around 2,100 inhabitants over 39 km², west of Brest, between Le Conquet and Plouarzel. The church of Saint-Pierre, rebuilt in the mid-19th century, stands in the village centre. – Ploudalmézeau Bretagne Ploudalmézeau is a coastal commune in Finistère (Brittany), in the arrondissement of Brest. It has around 6,500 inhabitants over 23 km², north-west of Brest. Its territory includes the village and port of Portsall, known for the wreck of the Amoco Cadiz in 1978. – Concarneau Bretagne Concarneau is a port commune in southern Finistère (Brittany), in the arrondissement of Quimper. It has around 21,000 inhabitants over 41 km², south-east of Quimper. The Ville Close, a medieval walled town built on an island in the harbour, forms its historic centre. – Nîmes Occitanie Nîmes is a commune in southern France, the prefecture of the Gard department (Occitania). It has around 152,000 inhabitants over 162 km², some fifty kilometres from Montpellier. The Arena, a Roman amphitheatre, and the Maison Carrée, an ancient temple, stand in its centre. – Pouldreuzic Bretagne Pouldreuzic is a rural commune in Finistère (Brittany), in the arrondissement of Quimper. It has around 2,100 inhabitants over 17 km², in the Bigouden country, a few kilometres from the Atlantic Ocean. The chapel of Notre-Dame de Penhors, dating from the 13th century, hosts an annual pardon. – La Riche Centre-Val de Loire La Riche is a commune in Indre-et-Loire (Centre-Val de Loire), bordering Tours to the west. It has over 10,000 inhabitants on 8 km², between the Loire to the north and the Cher. Saint-Cosme Priory and the Château du Plessis-lez-Tours stand within its territory. – Grenoble Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes Grenoble is a French commune and the prefecture of the Isère department (Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes). It has around 156,000 inhabitants on 18 km², at the confluence of the Isère and the Drac, at the foot of the Chartreuse, Vercors and Belledonne massifs. The Bastille overlooks the city. – Les Rousses Bourgogne-Franche-Comté Les Rousses is a commune in the Jura department (Bourgogne-Franche-Comté, France), in the Saint-Claude arrondissement, on the Swiss border. It has around 3,700 inhabitants on 38 km², at over 1,000 m above sea level, beside Lac des Rousses, and is home to the Fort des Rousses. – Échirolles Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes Échirolles is a French commune in Isère (Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes), in the Grenoble arrondissement, south of that city. It has around 37,000 inhabitants on 8 km², in the Drac plain. A Templar commandery and the Château Saint-Jacques bear witness to its medieval past. – Sassenage Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes Sassenage is a French commune in Isère (Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes), in the Grenoble arrondissement, at the foot of the Vercors. It has around 11,600 inhabitants on 13 km². The Furon flows through it, and the Cuves de Sassenage caves and the Château de Sassenage lie within its territory. – Crémieu Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes Crémieu is a French commune in Isère (Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes), about 40 km east of Lyon, between the Isle-Crémieu plateau and the Rhône plain. It has around 3,500 inhabitants on 6 km². Its 15th-century medieval covered market and the ruins of the Dauphin's castle are its main landmarks. – Fontaine Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes Fontaine is a French commune in the Isère département (Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes), in the arrondissement of Grenoble, adjoining the city on its west side. It has around 22,000 inhabitants on 7 km²; the Drac river borders its territory to the east and the Vercors massif rises to the west. – Cadaujac Nouvelle-Aquitaine Cadaujac is a French commune in the Gironde department (Nouvelle-Aquitaine), about ten kilometres south of Bordeaux. It has around 7,000 inhabitants on 15 km², lies on the left bank of the Garonne and is home to the Château Malleret, a listed historic monument. – Villenave-d'Ornon Nouvelle-Aquitaine Villenave-d'Ornon is a French commune in the Gironde department (Nouvelle-Aquitaine), in the southern suburbs of Bordeaux and part of Bordeaux Métropole. It has around 42,500 inhabitants on 21 km² and extends along the left bank of the Garonne. – Le Barp Nouvelle-Aquitaine Le Barp is a French commune in the Gironde department (Nouvelle-Aquitaine), about thirty kilometres south of Bordeaux. It has around 5,800 inhabitants on 107 km², set within the Landes forest and the Landes de Gascogne Regional Natural Park. – Saint-André-de-Cubzac Nouvelle-Aquitaine Saint-André-de-Cubzac is a French commune in the Gironde department (Nouvelle-Aquitaine), on the right bank of the Dordogne, north of Bordeaux. It has around 12,600 inhabitants on 23 km² and is home to the Château du Bouilh, a listed historic monument, and the church of Saint-André. – La Teste-de-Buch Nouvelle-Aquitaine La Teste-de-Buch is a French commune in the Gironde department (Nouvelle-Aquitaine), on the south shore of the Arcachon Bay. It has over 27,000 inhabitants on 180 km², one of the largest areas in metropolitan France, and includes the Dune of Pilat at the entrance to the bay. – Blaye Nouvelle-Aquitaine Blaye is a French commune and sub-prefecture in the Gironde department (Nouvelle-Aquitaine), on the right bank of the Gironde estuary, 56 km north of Bordeaux. It has around 5,000 inhabitants on 6 km² and is home to Vauban's citadel, a UNESCO World Heritage Site. – Crolles Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes Crolles is a French commune in the Isère département (Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes), in the arrondissement of Grenoble, 20 km northeast of the city. It has around 8,600 inhabitants on 14 km², in the Grésivaudan on the right bank of the Isère, below the Dent de Crolles (2,062 m), a peak of the Chartreuse. – Génissac Nouvelle-Aquitaine Génissac is a French commune in the Gironde department (Nouvelle-Aquitaine), in the Entre-deux-Mers area, on the left bank of the Dordogne, south of Libourne. It has around 2,000 inhabitants and preserves the Romanesque chapel of Saint-Nicolas, a listed historic monument. – Macau Nouvelle-Aquitaine Macau is a French commune in the Gironde department (Nouvelle-Aquitaine), in the Médoc, on the left bank of the Garonne, north of Bordeaux. It has around 4,600 inhabitants on 20 km² and is home to the church of Notre-Dame, whose bell tower is a listed historic monument. – Pessac Nouvelle-Aquitaine Pessac is a French commune in the Gironde department (Nouvelle-Aquitaine), in the south-western suburbs of Bordeaux. It has around 67,000 inhabitants on 39 km² and is home to Le Corbusier's Cité Frugès, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, and the Château Haut-Brion vineyard. – Créon Nouvelle-Aquitaine Créon is a French commune in the Gironde department (Nouvelle-Aquitaine), in the Entre-deux-Mers area east of Bordeaux. It has around 4,900 inhabitants on 8 km² and keeps the orthogonal layout of its bastide, founded in 1315, with its arcaded square and the church of Notre-Dame. – Claix Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes Claix is a French commune in the Isère département (Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes), in the arrondissement of Grenoble, south of the urban area. It has around 7,800 inhabitants on 24 km², at the foot of the Vercors; the Drac separates it from Pont-de-Claix, and the Lesdiguières bridge, built in 1608-1610, crosses it. – Amboise Centre-Val de Loire Amboise is a French commune in Indre-et-Loire (Centre-Val de Loire), on the south bank of the Loire, about 27 km east of Tours. It has around 13,000 inhabitants and covers 40.7 km². The royal château, on a spur above the river, and the Clos Lucé stand there. – Muret Occitanie Muret is a French commune in the Haute-Garonne department (Occitania) and a sub-prefecture south of Toulouse. It has around 25,000 inhabitants and covers 58 km². The Garonne runs along its territory, and the 12th-century church of Saint-Jacques is a listed historic monument. – Bellegarde Occitanie Bellegarde is a French commune in the Gard department, Occitanie region, 17 km from Nîmes. It has around 8,000 inhabitants over 45 km², on the edge of the Camargue. The Romanesque priory of Saint-Vincent-de-Broussan lies within its territory. – Mérignac Nouvelle-Aquitaine Mérignac is a French commune in the Gironde department (Nouvelle-Aquitaine), bordering Bordeaux to the west. It has around 77,000 inhabitants on 48 km². Its built heritage includes the Veyrines tower, a 14th-century keep, and the Château de Bourran. – Coublevie Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes Coublevie is a French commune in the Isère département (Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes), in the arrondissement of Grenoble, 2 km southeast of Voiron. It has around 5,500 inhabitants on 7 km², lies in the Chartreuse Regional Nature Park and is home to the Château de Dorgeoise, now its town hall. – Le Rheu Bretagne Le Rheu is a commune in Ille-et-Vilaine (Brittany), bordering Rennes to the west within Rennes Métropole. It has around 9,800 inhabitants and covers 19 km². The Vilaine forms its eastern boundary, and the Château d'Apigné stands near the Apigné mill. – Le Bouscat Nouvelle-Aquitaine Le Bouscat is a French commune in the Gironde department, in Nouvelle-Aquitaine, bordering Bordeaux to the north. It has around 24,000 inhabitants on 5 km². It is home to the Le Bouscat racecourse, established in 1835, and the Parc de la Chêneraie. – Revel Occitanie Revel is a French commune in the Haute-Garonne department (Occitania), east of Toulouse. It has around 9,700 inhabitants and covers 35 km². Its 14th-century central market hall is topped by a bell tower, and the Lac de Saint-Ferréol, created in 1667, lies to the south of the town. – Bessèges Occitanie Bessèges is a French commune in the Gard department, Occitanie region, in the Cévennes, about thirty kilometres north of Alès. It has around 2,600 inhabitants over 10 km². The Cèze runs through it and a coal mine opened there in 1809. – Montpellier Occitanie Montpellier is a French commune and the prefecture of the Hérault department (Occitanie). It has around 307,000 inhabitants on 57 km², about ten kilometres from the Mediterranean. The Lez river runs alongside it, and the 14th-century Saint-Pierre Cathedral stands in its historic centre. – Pont-Évêque Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes Pont-Évêque is a French commune in the Isère département (Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes), in the arrondissement of Vienne, less than 5 km from the town. It has around 6,200 inhabitants on 9 km², in the valley of the Gère, a tributary of the Rhône that joins the river at Vienne. – Saint-Jacques-de-la-Lande Bretagne Saint-Jacques-de-la-Lande is a commune in the Ille-et-Vilaine department (Brittany), southwest of Rennes, within its metropolitan area. It has around 13,800 inhabitants and covers 12 km². The Vilaine crosses it and Rennes–Brittany Airport lies within its territory. – Saint-Jean-du-Gard Occitanie Saint-Jean-du-Gard is a French commune in the Gard department, Occitanie region, in the Cévennes, west of Alès. It has around 2,600 inhabitants over 42 km², within the Cévennes National Park. The Gardon runs through it, crossed by the 18th-century Pont Vieux. – Labège Occitanie Labège is a French commune in the Haute-Garonne department (Occitania), about 11 km southeast of Toulouse. It has around 4,400 inhabitants and covers 8 km². The Hers-Mort river crosses its territory, and the 18th-century Bouysset dovecote is a listed historic monument. – Mèze Occitanie Mèze is a French commune in the Hérault department (Occitanie), on the northern shore of the Étang de Thau, between Montpellier and Sète. It has around 12,700 inhabitants on 35 km². The 15th-century Saint-Hilaire church and the Château de Girard are part of its heritage. – Cornebarrieu Occitanie Cornebarrieu is a French commune in the Haute-Garonne department, in Occitanie, about ten kilometres from Toulouse. It has around 8,600 inhabitants on 19 km². It lies in the valley of the Aussonnelle and has the Church of Saint-Clément. – Saint-Geoire-en-Valdaine Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes Saint-Geoire-en-Valdaine is a French commune in the Isère département (Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes), in the arrondissement of La Tour-du-Pin. It has around 2,400 inhabitants on 17 km², lies in the Valdaine, 25 km southwest of Chambéry, and is home to the 18th-century Château de Longpra. – Bains-sur-Oust Bretagne Bains-sur-Oust is a French commune in Ille-et-Vilaine (Brittany), about 6 km north of Redon. It has around 3,500 inhabitants and covers 44.6 km². The River Oust, partly canalised as part of the Canal de Nantes à Brest, runs through its territory. – Argentré-du-Plessis Bretagne Argentré-du-Plessis is a commune in the Ille-et-Vilaine department (Brittany), on the borders of Brittany, between Rennes and Laval. It has around 4,600 inhabitants and covers 41 km². The Château du Plessis, rebuilt in the 19th century, and the Notre-Dame church, built between 1775 and 1779, stand here. – Bruguières Occitanie Bruguières is a French commune in the Haute-Garonne department (Occitania), about 15 km north of Toulouse. It has around 6,000 inhabitants and covers 9 km². The Hers-Mort river crosses it, and the church of Saint-Martin, rebuilt in brick in the 16th century, stands in the village centre. – Castelnau-le-Lez Occitanie Castelnau-le-Lez is a French commune in the Hérault department (Occitanie), bordering Montpellier to the north-east. It has around 25,400 inhabitants on 11 km² and lies along the Lez. The Saint-Jean-Baptiste church, Romanesque from the late 12th century and fortified in the 14th, is its main old building. – Mauvezin Occitanie Mauvezin is a French commune in the Gers department, in Occitanie, in the canton of Gimone-Arrats. It has around 2,300 inhabitants on 32 km². Built on a hillside between the Gimone and the Arrats, it has a 14th-century market hall. – Barraux Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes Barraux is a French commune in the Isère département (Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes), in the arrondissement of Grenoble, 3 km from Pontcharra. It has around 2,000 inhabitants on 11 km², in the Grésivaudan valley, and is home to Fort Barraux, begun in 1597 at the entrance to the valley. – Villedieu-sur-Indre Centre-Val de Loire Villedieu-sur-Indre is a French commune in the Indre department (Centre-Val de Loire), 13 km from Châteauroux. It has around 2,600 inhabitants and covers 57.8 km². The Indre flows through it, and its 11th-century Church of Saint-Sébastien is a listed historic monument. – Plélan-le-Grand Bretagne Plélan-le-Grand is a commune in the Ille-et-Vilaine department (Brittany), east of the Paimpont Forest, on the Rennes–Lorient route. It has around 4,100 inhabitants and covers 50 km². The Aff borders its territory to the southwest and the Church of Saint-Pierre, begun in 1850, stands in the village. – Marguerittes Occitanie Marguerittes is a French commune in the Gard department, Occitanie region, 5 km north-east of Nîmes. It has around 8,400 inhabitants over 25 km². It preserves remains of the Roman aqueduct of Nîmes and the old Church of Saint-Pierre. – Villeneuve-Tolosane Occitanie Villeneuve-Tolosane is a French commune in the Haute-Garonne department (Occitania), about 12 km southwest of Toulouse and part of Toulouse Métropole. It has around 11,000 inhabitants and covers 5 km². The Saint-Martory canal, dug in the 19th century, runs through it. – Sète Occitanie Sète is a French commune in the Hérault department (Occitanie), a Mediterranean port on a coastal strip between the sea and the Étang de Thau. It has around 45,000 inhabitants. Mont Saint-Clair, about 175 m high, rises above the town and its harbour. – Saint-Laurent-Médoc Nouvelle-Aquitaine Saint-Laurent-Médoc is a French commune in the Gironde department, in Nouvelle-Aquitaine, in the Médoc. It has around 5,000 inhabitants on 137 km². It has the Church of Saint-Laurent, first mentioned in 1099, and the 14th-century Château de Sémignan. – Notre-Dame-d'Oé Centre-Val de Loire Notre-Dame-d'Oé is a French commune in Indre-et-Loire (Centre-Val de Loire), immediately north of Tours. It has around 4,500 inhabitants and covers 7.7 km². Its Church of Notre-Dame retains an 11th-century nave, and the Manoir de La Chassetière dates from 1720. – Montreuil-sur-Ille Bretagne Montreuil-sur-Ille is a commune in the Ille-et-Vilaine department (Brittany), about 25 km north of Rennes, on the Ille. It has around 2,400 inhabitants and covers 15 km². The Ille-et-Rance Canal, opened in 1834, runs along the commune and links Rennes with Dinan. – Acigné Bretagne Acigné is a French commune in Ille-et-Vilaine (Brittany), about ten kilometres east of Rennes. It has around 6,900 inhabitants and covers 29.5 km². The Vilaine forms its southern boundary, and the 17th-century Château des Onglées stands in a bend of the river. – Le Touvet Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes Le Touvet is a French commune in the Isère département (Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes), in the arrondissement of Grenoble. It has around 3,100 inhabitants on 12 km², in the Grésivaudan valley at the foot of the Chartreuse massif, and is home to the 13th-century Château du Touvet and its listed gardens. – Lavérune Occitanie Lavérune is a commune in the Hérault department (Occitania), west of Montpellier, on the alluvial plain of the Mosson. It has around 3,300 inhabitants and covers 7 km², and belongs to Montpellier Méditerranée Métropole. The château of the bishops of Montpellier and its park are protected. – Fougères Bretagne Fougères is a sub-prefecture of Ille-et-Vilaine (Brittany), in the northeast of the department. It has around 20,300 inhabitants and covers 10 km². The Château de Fougères, a medieval fortress with thirteen towers built in the Nançon valley, overlooks the town. – Mauguio Occitanie Mauguio is a French commune in the Hérault department (Occitanie), east of Montpellier. It has around 16,400 inhabitants on 112 km², between farmland and the Mediterranean coast. It covers almost the whole of the Étang de l'Or lagoon and includes the seaside resort of Carnon. – Le Bourg-d'Oisans Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes Le Bourg-d'Oisans is a French commune in the Isère département (Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes), in the arrondissement of Grenoble. It has around 2,600 inhabitants on 36 km², on the floor of the Romanche valley, where the six valleys of the Oisans meet, northwest of the Écrins National Park. – Aucamville Occitanie Aucamville is a French commune in the Haute-Garonne department (Occitania), in the northern suburbs of Toulouse and part of Toulouse Métropole. It has around 9,600 inhabitants and covers 4 km². Its church of Notre-Dame-du-Rosaire dates from the 19th century. – Vernet Occitanie Vernet, commonly called Le Vernet, is a French commune in the Haute-Garonne department, in Occitanie, in the Muret arrondissement. It has around 3,300 inhabitants on 10 km². It is bordered by the Ariège to the east and by the Lèze to the north-west. – Montblanc Occitanie Montblanc is a French commune in the Hérault department (Occitanie), about twelve kilometres from Béziers. It has around 2,900 inhabitants on 27 km², in a mainly wine-growing area. The Sainte-Eulalie church, a listed historic monument since 1987, stands in the heart of the medieval village. – Agde Occitanie Agde is a French commune in the Hérault department (Occitanie), on the Hérault river, a few kilometres from the Mediterranean. It has around 29,600 inhabitants on 51 km². The Saint-Étienne cathedral, built of black basalt, stands in the old town, founded by Greek settlers around 525 BC. – Sommières Occitanie Sommières is a French commune in the Gard department, Occitanie region, between Nîmes and Montpellier. It has around 5,000 inhabitants over 10 km². The Vidourle runs through it, and its Roman bridge from the time of Tiberius still shows seven visible arches. – Bérat Occitanie Bérat is a rural commune in the Haute-Garonne department (Occitania), about 33 km southwest of Toulouse and 15 km from Muret. It has around 3,100 inhabitants and covers 24 km². The Touch river and the Saint-Martory canal cross its territory. – Gimont Occitanie Gimont is a French commune in the Gers department, in Occitanie, in the Auch arrondissement. It has around 3,100 inhabitants on 28 km². A bastide overlooking the Gimone, it has a 14th-century market hall and the remains of Planselve Abbey. – Toulouse Occitanie Toulouse is a French commune, the prefecture of the Haute-Garonne department and of the Occitanie region. It has around 515,000 inhabitants over 118 km². Built on the Garonne, it is crossed by the Canal du Midi and is home to the Romanesque Basilica of Saint-Sernin. – Béziers Occitanie Béziers is a French commune in the Hérault department (Occitanie), a sub-prefecture about ten kilometres from the Mediterranean. It has around 81,000 inhabitants on 95 km² and overlooks the Orb. The Canal du Midi crosses it, and the nine Fonséranes locks lift it by 21.5 m. – Bédarieux Occitanie Bédarieux is a French commune in the Hérault department (Occitanie), in the Orb valley, about thirty kilometres north of Béziers. It has around 5,800 inhabitants on 28 km², within the Haut-Languedoc Regional Nature Park. A railway viaduct built in 1854-1856 is part of its heritage. – Entre-Vignes Occitanie Entre-Vignes is a commune nouvelle in the Hérault department (Occitanie), created in 2019 by the merger of Saint-Christol and Vérargues. It has around 2,200 inhabitants on 17 km². The 17th-century Château de la Devèze, a listed historic monument, stands at Vérargues. – Melesse Bretagne Melesse is a French commune in Ille-et-Vilaine (Brittany), about ten kilometres north of Rennes. It has around 7,500 inhabitants and covers 32 km². The Neo-Romanesque Church of Saint-Pierre was rebuilt there between 1885 and 1890, and the Manoir de la Grimaudais dates from the 15th-16th centuries. – Aigues-Vives Occitanie Aigues-Vives is a French commune in the Gard department, Occitanie region, west of Nîmes, in the Lunel urban area. It has around 3,300 inhabitants over 12 km². The birthplace of Gaston Doumergue, President of France from 1924 to 1931, stands there. – Bouguenais Pays de la Loire Bouguenais is a French commune in the Loire-Atlantique department (Pays de la Loire), on the left bank of the Loire, 6 km south-west of Nantes. It has around 20,600 inhabitants over 31.5 km² and is home to Nantes Atlantique Airport. – Petit-Mars Pays de la Loire Petit-Mars is a commune in Loire-Atlantique (Pays de la Loire), some 20 kilometres north of Nantes. It has around 3,900 inhabitants and covers 26 km². The Erdre runs along its western edge; the Église Saint-Pierre and the Château du Pont-Hus belong to its heritage. – Rezé Pays de la Loire Rezé is a French commune in the Loire-Atlantique department (Pays de la Loire), on the south bank of the Loire, opposite Nantes. It has around 43,000 inhabitants over 13.8 km² and is home to the Unité d'Habitation, the Maison Radieuse designed by Le Corbusier. – Cour-Cheverny Centre-Val de Loire Cour-Cheverny is a commune in Loir-et-Cher (Centre-Val de Loire), about ten kilometres south of Blois. It has around 2,800 inhabitants and covers 30 km². The Beuvron and the Conon water its territory, and the 12th-century church of Saint-Aignan stands in the village centre. – Divatte-sur-Loire Pays de la Loire Divatte-sur-Loire is a merged commune in Loire-Atlantique (Pays de la Loire), 18 km east of Nantes, formed in 2016 from La Chapelle-Basse-Mer and Barbechat. It has around 7,300 inhabitants and covers 33.9 km², between the Loire and the Divatte. – Montoire-sur-le-Loir Centre-Val de Loire Montoire-sur-le-Loir is a commune in Loir-et-Cher (Centre-Val de Loire), in the arrondissement of Vendôme. It has around 3,700 inhabitants and covers 21 km². The Loir crosses it from north-east to south-west, and the chapel of Saint-Gilles preserves Romanesque frescoes from the 12th century. – Carquefou Pays de la Loire Carquefou is a French commune in the Loire-Atlantique department (Pays de la Loire), about 10 km north-east of Nantes. It has around 20,500 inhabitants over 43 km². The Erdre borders its territory to the north-west, and the Château de la Seilleraye, dated 1671, stands in the east. – Chazelles-sur-Lyon Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes Chazelles-sur-Lyon is a commune in the Loire department (Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes), north of Saint-Étienne. It has around 5,500 inhabitants and covers 21 km², at an elevation of 414 to 631 metres. Near the Coise, it was a centre of hat-making, which the Atelier-Musée du Chapeau presents. – Corcoué-sur-Logne Pays de la Loire Corcoué-sur-Logne is a commune in Loire-Atlantique (Pays de la Loire), about 30 kilometres south of Nantes. It has around 3,200 inhabitants and covers 50.4 km². The Logne flows through it, and the 15th-century Chapelle Notre-Dame-la-Blanche stands in Saint-Jean-de-Corcoué. – Château-Thébaud Pays de la Loire Château-Thébaud is a commune in Loire-Atlantique (Pays de la Loire), 20 km south-east of Nantes. It has around 3,100 inhabitants and covers 17.6 km². The village stands some 50 m above the Maine, which flows between high cliffs at the Pont Caffino. – Saint-Just-Saint-Rambert Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes Saint-Just-Saint-Rambert is a commune in the Loire department (Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes), created in 1973 by the merger of two communes. It has around 15,600 inhabitants and covers 41 km², on the river Loire. The ruins of the Château de Grangent stand on an island in the Lac de Grangent. – Saint-Joachim Pays de la Loire Saint-Joachim is a commune in Loire-Atlantique (Pays de la Loire), north of Saint-Nazaire in the heart of the Brière. It has around 4,100 inhabitants and covers 86 km², about 86% of it marshland. The Maison de la Mariée on Île de Fédrun displays orange-blossom bridal crowns. – Montrond-les-Bains Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes Montrond-les-Bains is a commune in the Loire department (Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes), in the Forez, east of Montbrison. It has around 5,700 inhabitants and covers 10 km², at an elevation of 333 to 369 metres. The Loire and the Coise cross it, and the medieval Château de Montrond stands there. – Batz-sur-Mer Pays de la Loire Batz-sur-Mer is a French commune in the Loire-Atlantique department (Pays de la Loire), on the Guérande Peninsula, facing the Atlantic Ocean. It has around 2,900 inhabitants over 9.3 km², about half of it salt marsh, and is home to the church of Saint-Guénolé. – Montbrison Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes Montbrison is a commune in the Loire department (Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes), a sub-prefecture and former capital of the Forez. It has around 16,100 inhabitants and covers 16 km². The Vizézy flows through it, and the Gothic collegiate church of Notre-Dame-d'Espérance, begun in 1223, is a listed historic monument. – Campbon Pays de la Loire Campbon is a French commune in the Loire-Atlantique department (Pays de la Loire), about 46 km north-west of Nantes. It has around 4,000 inhabitants over 50 km², largely farmland, and preserves the Tour d'Enfer, a remnant of its medieval castle. – Saint-Genest-Malifaux Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes Saint-Genest-Malifaux is a commune in the Loire department (Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes), in the Pilat Regional Natural Park. It has around 2,900 inhabitants and covers 47 km², at an elevation of 680 to 1,292 metres. The Barrage des Plats dams the waters of the Semène on its territory. – Pouilly-sous-Charlieu Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes Pouilly-sous-Charlieu is a commune in the Loire department (Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes), north of Roanne. It has around 2,600 inhabitants and covers 16 km², at an elevation of 251 to 331 metres. The 14th-century Château de Montrenard, a listed historic monument, stands on its territory. – Saint-Hilaire-Saint-Mesmin Centre-Val de Loire Saint-Hilaire-Saint-Mesmin is a commune in the Loiret (Centre-Val de Loire), 7 km south-west of Orléans on the Loiret river. It has around 3,200 inhabitants and covers 14.1 km². It has the Église Saint-Hilaire (11th-13th centuries) and the Pont Saint-Nicolas. – Amilly Centre-Val de Loire Amilly is a commune in the Loiret (Centre-Val de Loire), 3 km south-east of Montargis. It has around 13,400 inhabitants and covers 40.3 km². The Briare Canal and the Loing cross it; it has the protected Moulin Bardin, a former watermill, and the Église Saint-Martin. – Chaingy Centre-Val de Loire Chaingy is a commune in the Loiret (Centre-Val de Loire), 10 km west of Orléans on the north bank of the Loire. It has around 4,100 inhabitants and covers 21.7 km². Its territory lies within the Loire Valley World Heritage site and includes the Église Saint-Symphorien. – Mardié Centre-Val de Loire Mardié is a commune in the Loiret (Centre-Val de Loire), about ten kilometres east of Orléans. It has around 3,100 inhabitants and covers 17.3 km². The Loire and the Canal d'Orléans cross its territory, which the Oussance stream also drains. – Vertou Pays de la Loire Vertou is a commune in the Loire-Atlantique department (Pays de la Loire), south-east of Nantes, in its metropolitan area. It has around 26,000 inhabitants over 36 km². The Sèvre Nantaise crosses its territory and the Château du Portillon overlooks the valley. – Soorts-Hossegor Nouvelle-Aquitaine Soorts-Hossegor is a French commune in the Landes department (Nouvelle-Aquitaine), on the Atlantic coast north of Bayonne. It has around 3,800 inhabitants and covers 14.5 km². The Hossegor marine lake, linked to the ocean by a canal, lies at the heart of its territory. – Nantes Pays de la Loire Nantes is a city in western France, prefecture of the Loire-Atlantique department and of the Pays de la Loire region. It has around 325,000 inhabitants over 65 km², at the confluence of the Loire, the Erdre and the Sèvre Nantaise, and is home to the Castle of the Dukes of Brittany. – Tarnos Nouvelle-Aquitaine Tarnos is a French commune in the Landes department (Nouvelle-Aquitaine), on the north bank of the Adour, a few kilometres north of Bayonne. It has around 12,900 inhabitants and covers 26 km². The church of Notre-Dame des Forges there is a listed historic monument. – Pornic Pays de la Loire Pornic is a commune in the Loire-Atlantique department (Pays de la Loire), on the Atlantic coast, about 45 km south-west of Nantes. It has around 18,500 inhabitants over 94 km². The Château de Pornic, built between the 13th and 15th centuries, overlooks its harbour. – Saint-Sever Nouvelle-Aquitaine Saint-Sever is a French commune in the Landes department (Nouvelle-Aquitaine), on the left bank of the Adour, 17 km south of Mont-de-Marsan. It has around 5,000 inhabitants and covers 47 km². Its abbey, founded in the late 10th century, is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. – Sucé-sur-Erdre Pays de la Loire Sucé-sur-Erdre is a commune in the Loire-Atlantique department (Pays de la Loire), in the Erdre valley, about 15 km north of Nantes. It has around 7,500 inhabitants over 41 km². The River Erdre runs beside its town centre and shapes its landscape. – Seignosse Nouvelle-Aquitaine Seignosse is a French commune in the Landes department (Nouvelle-Aquitaine), between the Landes forest and the Atlantic Ocean, north of Bayonne. It has around 4,000 inhabitants and covers 35 km². A nature reserve protects the Étang Noir, in the forest near the village centre. – Blain Pays de la Loire Blain is a commune in the Loire-Atlantique department (Pays de la Loire), north-west of Nantes. It has around 10,400 inhabitants over 102 km². The Nantes–Brest Canal crosses its territory, where the Château de Blain, a former fortress, stands. – Saint-Aignan Centre-Val de Loire Saint-Aignan is a French commune in the Loir-et-Cher department (Centre-Val de Loire), on the Cher, about 35 km south of Blois. It has around 2,800 inhabitants and covers 18.5 km². Its castle and its collegiate church of Saint-Aignan overlook the bank of the Cher. – Châlons-en-Champagne Grand Est Châlons-en-Champagne is the prefecture of the Marne department (Grand Est, France). It has around 43,000 inhabitants and covers 26 km², southeast of Reims. It is home to Saint-Étienne Cathedral and the church of Notre-Dame-en-Vaux, a UNESCO World Heritage site. – Reims Grand Est Reims is a subprefecture of the Marne department (Grand Est, France), about 130 km northeast of Paris. With around 178,000 inhabitants on 47 km², it is the most populous commune in the department. The Vesle flows through it, and Notre-Dame Cathedral stands in its centre. – Saran Centre-Val de Loire Saran is a French commune in the Loiret department (Centre-Val de Loire), in the northern suburbs of Orléans. It has around 17,000 inhabitants on nearly 20 km². Its territory preserves a section of the Aérotrain viaduct, an experimental track built in 1969. – Aÿ-Champagne Grand Est Aÿ-Champagne is a commune nouvelle in the Marne department (Grand Est, France), created in 2016 in the Épernay arrondissement. It has around 5,100 inhabitants on 32 km², in the Marne valley, and the church of Saint-Brice stands in Aÿ. – Cahors Occitanie Cahors is a French commune and the prefecture of the Lot department (Occitanie). It has around 20,000 inhabitants on nearly 65 km². Set in a loop of the River Lot, it is crossed by the Valentré Bridge, a fortified 14th-century structure. – Cormontreuil Grand Est Cormontreuil is a commune in the Marne department (Grand Est, France), south of Reims, within its urban area. It has around 6,500 inhabitants on 5 km². The Vesle drains its territory, and the church of Saint-André dates back to 1159. – Agen Nouvelle-Aquitaine Agen is a French commune and the prefecture of the Lot-et-Garonne department (Nouvelle-Aquitaine). It has over 32,000 inhabitants on about 11 km², in the Garonne valley, halfway between Bordeaux and Toulouse. The Cathedral of Saint-Caprais stands in its old centre. – La Porte du Der Grand Est La Porte du Der is a commune nouvelle in the Haute-Marne department (Grand Est, France), created in 2016. It has around 2,100 inhabitants on 47 km², in the Saint-Dizier arrondissement, and the abbey church of Saint-Pierre-et-Saint-Paul stands in Montier-en-Der. – Brax Nouvelle-Aquitaine Brax is a French commune in the Lot-et-Garonne department (Nouvelle-Aquitaine), west of Agen. It has around 2,100 inhabitants on about 8 km², in the Garonne plain. The Church of Saint-Peter, largely Romanesque (11th century), stands in the centre of the village. – Monflanquin Nouvelle-Aquitaine Monflanquin is a French commune in the Lot-et-Garonne department (Nouvelle-Aquitaine). It has around 2,400 inhabitants on 62 km². A bastide town founded in 1256, perched above the Lède valley, it is dominated by the Church of Saint-André, begun in the 13th century. – Mende Occitanie Mende is a French commune and the prefecture of Lozère (Occitania), in the Lot valley. It has around 12,300 inhabitants and covers 37 km². The Lot river runs through it, the Cathedral of Notre-Dame-et-Saint-Privat stands at its centre and the Pont Notre-Dame crosses the river. – Nancy Grand Est Nancy is a French commune and the prefecture of Meurthe-et-Moselle (Grand Est). It has around 104,000 inhabitants over 15 km², on the left bank of the Meurthe, 47 km south of Metz. Place Stanislas, laid out in the 18th century, is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. – Angers Pays de la Loire Angers is a French commune and the prefecture of Maine-et-Loire (Pays de la Loire), on the Maine river. It has around 158,000 inhabitants and covers 43 km². Angers Castle, a 13th-century fortress housing the Apocalypse Tapestry, and Saint-Maurice Cathedral stand over the city. – Bouchemaine Pays de la Loire Bouchemaine is a French commune in Maine-et-Loire (Pays de la Loire), south-west of Angers. It has around 6,600 inhabitants and covers 20 km². It lies at the confluence of the Maine and the Loire, with the villages of Pruniers, Bouchemaine and La Pointe. – Jarville-la-Malgrange Grand Est Jarville-la-Malgrange is a French commune in Meurthe-et-Moselle (Grand Est), south of Nancy. It has around 9,400 inhabitants over 2 km². The Marne–Rhine Canal crosses it, and the Château de la Malgrange, a former residence of the Dukes of Lorraine, stands there. – Saint-Chély-d'Apcher Occitanie Saint-Chély-d'Apcher is a French commune in Lozère (Occitania), in the Margeride. It has around 4,000 inhabitants and covers 28 km², at an altitude of 935 to 1,126 m. Saint-Hilaire Church, a granite building in the town centre, has housed the parish since 1690. – Champigneulles Grand Est Champigneulles is a commune in Meurthe-et-Moselle (Grand Est, France), in the Nancy arrondissement, just north of the city. It has around 6,600 inhabitants and covers 24 km². The Meurthe river and the Marne–Rhine Canal both run through its territory. – Saint-Nicolas-de-Port Grand Est Saint-Nicolas-de-Port is a French commune in Meurthe-et-Moselle (Grand Est), about ten kilometres south-east of Nancy. It has around 7,400 inhabitants over 8 km², on the left bank of the Meurthe. The Basilica of Saint-Nicolas, begun in 1481, rises above the town. – Rochefort-sur-Loire Pays de la Loire Rochefort-sur-Loire is a French commune in Maine-et-Loire (Pays de la Loire), about 15 km south-west of Angers. It has around 2,300 inhabitants on 28 km². The Loire marks its northern boundary, and the Corniche angevine, a protected site, overlooks the Loire and Layon valleys. – Saint-Avold Grand Est Saint-Avold is a French commune in the Moselle department (Grand Est), close to the German border. It has around 15,000 inhabitants on 35 km² and is crossed by the Rosselle. The Abbey Church of Saint-Nabor stands in its centre; the Lorraine American Cemetery lies to the north. – Maxéville Grand Est Maxéville is a commune in Meurthe-et-Moselle (Grand Est, France), north of Nancy and part of its urban area. It has around 10,000 inhabitants and covers 5.6 km². The Meurthe river and the Marne–Rhine Canal run through its territory. – La Ménitré Pays de la Loire La Ménitré is a French commune in Maine-et-Loire (Pays de la Loire), on the north bank of the Loire, between Angers and Saumur. It has around 2,100 inhabitants on 17 km². Its territory runs along the river, and Saint-Jean-Baptiste Church there is a listed historic monument. – Hagondange Grand Est Hagondange is a French commune in the Moselle department (Grand Est), on the left bank of the Moselle between Metz and Thionville. It has around 9,300 inhabitants on 5.5 km². La Ballastière, a lake formed from a gravel pit opened in 1910, lies within its territory. – Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy Grand Est Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy is a commune in Meurthe-et-Moselle (Grand Est, France), southwest of Nancy and the second most populous in the metropolitan area. It has around 30,000 inhabitants and covers 9.5 km². The Brabois plateau and its technopole lie on its heights. – Dieuze Grand Est Dieuze is a French commune in the Moselle department (Grand Est), in the Saulnois, about 57 km south-east of Metz. It has around 2,800 inhabitants on 9 km² and is drained by the Seille. The Royal Saltworks, enlarged after 1765, are located there. – Nevers Bourgogne-Franche-Comté Nevers is a French commune and the prefecture of the Nièvre department (Bourgogne-Franche-Comté). It has around 33,000 inhabitants on 17 km², on the right bank of the Loire at its confluence with the Nièvre. The cathedral of Saint-Cyr and Saint-Julitte and the Ducal Palace stand in the old town. – Sainte-Marie-aux-Chênes Grand Est Sainte-Marie-aux-Chênes is a French commune in the Moselle department (Grand Est), about 15 km west of Metz. It has around 4,500 inhabitants on 10 km². Its church of Sainte-Marie retains a Romanesque bell tower, and a late-antique necropolis has been excavated there. – Blainville-sur-l'Eau Grand Est Blainville-sur-l'Eau is a commune in Meurthe-et-Moselle (Grand Est, France), in the Lunéville arrondissement, between Lunéville and Nancy. It has around 3,900 inhabitants and covers 11.7 km². The Meurthe river crosses its territory, half of which is forested. – Pougues-les-Eaux Bourgogne-Franche-Comté Pougues-les-Eaux is a French commune in the Nièvre department (Bourgogne-Franche-Comté), 11 km north of Nevers. It has around 2,400 inhabitants on 13 km². Its former spa park, home to the pavilion of the Saint-Léger and Saint-Léon springs, recalls the thermal activity that lasted until 1971. – Steenvoorde Hauts-de-France Steenvoorde is a French commune in the Nord department (Hauts-de-France), in French Flanders near the Belgian border. It has around 4,300 inhabitants on 30 km². The Noordmeulen and Drievenmeulen windmills and the 92 m high church of Saint-Pierre mark its landscape. – Linselles Hauts-de-France Linselles is a French commune in the Nord department (Hauts-de-France), within the European Metropolis of Lille, 12 km north of Lille. It has around 8,200 inhabitants on 12 km². The Hautevalle farm, an 18th-century farm listed as a historic monument, is a witness of its rural heritage. – Watten Hauts-de-France Watten is a French commune in the Nord department (Hauts-de-France), in Maritime Flanders, on the Aa river. It has around 2,600 inhabitants on 7 km². The Mont de Watten, 72 m high, carries the tower of the former abbey of Notre-Dame du Mont, founded in 1072. – Saumur Pays de la Loire Saumur is a French commune and sub-prefecture of the Maine-et-Loire department (Pays de la Loire), about 50 km south-east of Angers. It has around 26,000 inhabitants over 66 km², between the Loire and the Thouet, and is overlooked by the Château de Saumur. – Beaupréau-en-Mauges Pays de la Loire Beaupréau-en-Mauges is a commune nouvelle in the Maine-et-Loire department (Pays de la Loire), north-west of Cholet, formed in 2015 from ten communes. It has around 24,000 inhabitants over 230 km² and is crossed by the Èvre, whose valley cuts into the Mauges plateau. – Vannes Bretagne Vannes is a French commune and the prefecture of Morbihan (Brittany), on the northern shore of the Gulf of Morbihan. It has around 55,000 inhabitants on 32 km². Its old town, enclosed by ramparts, is dominated by the Cathedral of Saint-Pierre. – Lorient Bretagne Lorient is a French commune in Morbihan (Brittany), at the confluence of the Scorff and the Blavet, at the head of the roadstead that bears its name. It has around 58,000 inhabitants on 17 km². The Keroman submarine base, built in 1941, marks its port. – Marzan Bretagne Marzan is a French commune in Morbihan (Brittany), in the arrondissement of Vannes. It has around 2,600 inhabitants on 34 km². It borders the Vilaine valley, which the Pont du Morbihan crosses on the N165 national road, opposite La Roche-Bernard. – Sourdeval Normandie Sourdeval is a commune in the Manche department (Normandy), in the Mortainais bocage, between Mortain and Vire. It has around 3,000 inhabitants over 52 km² and is the birthplace of the Sée, formed by the Sée Blanche and the Sée Rousse. – La Gacilly Bretagne La Gacilly is a French commune nouvelle in Morbihan (Brittany), north of Redon. It has around 4,000 inhabitants on 38 km². It lies in the valley of the Aff, whose right bank it occupies, and brings together three former communes since 2016. – Barneville-Carteret Normandie Barneville-Carteret is a commune in the Manche department (Normandy), on the Côte des Isles, facing the Channel Islands. It has around 2,200 inhabitants over 10 km², and the Cap de Carteret, topped by a lighthouse, marks its coastline. – Ploemeur Bretagne Ploemeur is a French commune in Morbihan (Brittany), bordering Lorient to the west. It has around 18,900 inhabitants on 40 km², with 17 km of Atlantic coastline. Fort-Bloqué, built in the 18th century on the islet of Keragan, guards the Laïta estuary. – Bréhal Normandie Bréhal is a commune in the Manche department (Normandy), on the Côte des Havres, about 10 km north of Granville, at the edge of the Vanlée haven. It has around 3,500 inhabitants over 13 km² and includes the seaside resort of Saint-Martin-de-Bréhal. – Plouharnel Bretagne Plouharnel is a French commune in Morbihan (Brittany), at the entrance to the Quiberon peninsula. It has around 2,300 inhabitants on 18 km². The Crucuno cromlech and dolmen inland, and the Gâvres-Quiberon dune massif, mark its territory. – Sainte-Mère-Église Normandie Sainte-Mère-Église is a commune in the Manche department (Normandy), in the Cotentin, 14 km from Carentan. It has around 2,900 inhabitants over 52 km². The Merderet crosses its territory, and its church, begun in the 11th century, stands in the village. – Jullouville Normandie Jullouville is a commune in the Manche department (Normandy), on Mont-Saint-Michel Bay, 8 km south of Granville. It has around 2,400 inhabitants over 22 km², and the Thar, a small coastal river, borders its territory to the north. – Saint-Pierre-Quiberon Bretagne Saint-Pierre-Quiberon is a commune in Morbihan (Brittany), in the arrondissement of Lorient, on the northern part of the Quiberon peninsula. It has around 2,300 inhabitants and covers 8 km². The Côte Sauvage lines its Atlantic coast and Fort Penthièvre stands at the entrance to the peninsula. – Surzur Bretagne Surzur is a French commune in Morbihan (Brittany), about 15 km south-east of Vannes. It has over 5,100 inhabitants on 57 km². The church of Saint-Symphorien, of Romanesque origin, and the Pénerf river mark the territory of this Morbihan commune. – Quéven Bretagne Quéven is a commune in Morbihan (Brittany), in the arrondissement of Lorient, north of the city of Lorient. It has around 9,000 inhabitants and covers 24 km². The Scorff, in its estuary section, runs along its eastern edge and the Scave, a tributary of the Scorff, marks its northern boundary. – Kervignac Bretagne Kervignac is a commune in Morbihan (Brittany), in the arrondissement of Lorient, east of the city of Lorient. It has around 7,200 inhabitants and covers 40 km². The Blavet estuary borders its territory to the west and the 16th-century chapel of Notre-Dame-de-la-Clarté stands in the village of Locadour. – Locoal-Mendon Bretagne Locoal-Mendon is a commune in Morbihan (Brittany), in the arrondissement of Lorient, west of Auray. It has around 3,500 inhabitants and has combined the former parishes of Locoal and Mendon since 1806. The Étel river, on whose left bank it lies, borders its territory to the west. – Pénestin Bretagne Pénestin is a commune in Morbihan (Brittany), in the arrondissement of Vannes, south-east of the city of Vannes. It has around 2,100 inhabitants and covers 22 km². It forms a headland between the Vilaine estuary and the Bay of Pont-Mahé, with the cliffs of the Mine d'Or beach. – Arleux Hauts-de-France Arleux is a French commune in the Nord department (Hauts-de-France), in the arrondissement of Douai, south of that city. It has around 3,100 inhabitants over 11.1 km². The river Sensée flows into the Canal du Nord, which crosses the commune. – Crespin Hauts-de-France Crespin is a French commune in the Nord department (Hauts-de-France), in the arrondissement of Valenciennes. It has around 4,500 inhabitants over 9.9 km². The abbey founded in 648 by Saint Landelin has left ruins here, and the Hogneau and the Aunelle drain its territory. – Ostricourt Hauts-de-France Ostricourt is a French commune in the Nord department (Hauts-de-France), in the arrondissement of Lille, 25 km south of the city, on the border with Pas-de-Calais. It has around 6,000 inhabitants over 7.6 km². The Offlarde state forest covers part of its territory. – Croix Hauts-de-France Croix is a French commune in the Nord department (Hauts-de-France), in the arrondissement of Lille, about 7 km north-east of central Lille. It has around 21,000 inhabitants over 4.4 km². The Marque flows through it and the Villa Cavrois by Robert Mallet-Stevens (1932) stands here. – Blaringhem Hauts-de-France Blaringhem is a French commune in the Nord department (Hauts-de-France), in the arrondissement of Dunkirk, between Saint-Omer and Hazebrouck. It has around 2,000 inhabitants over 18.2 km². The Neuffossé Canal runs through it and the 45 m tower of Saint-Martin church dates from the 16th century. – Biarritz Nouvelle-Aquitaine Biarritz is a French commune in the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department (Nouvelle-Aquitaine), on the Atlantic coast south-west of Bayonne. It has around 26,000 inhabitants on 12 km². The lighthouse at Pointe Saint-Martin and the Rocher de la Vierge stand on its shoreline. – Bailleul Hauts-de-France Bailleul is a French commune in the Nord department (Hauts-de-France), in French Flanders, within the arrondissement of Dunkirk. It has around 14,700 inhabitants on 43 km². Its belfry, rebuilt after the First World War, is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. – Cournon-d'Auvergne Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes Cournon-d'Auvergne is a French commune in the Puy-de-Dôme department (Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes), about 10 km south-east of Clermont-Ferrand. It has around 20,000 inhabitants and covers 18.6 km². Bordered by the Allier, it contains the Romanesque Saint-Martin church and the Château de la Ribeyre. – Carvin Hauts-de-France Carvin is a commune in the Pas-de-Calais department (Hauts-de-France), in the Lens arrondissement, north-east of the town of Lens. It has around 18,000 inhabitants and covers 21 km². Its German military cemetery from the First World War holds more than 6,000 burials. – Chantilly Hauts-de-France Chantilly is a commune in the Oise department (Hauts-de-France), in the arrondissement of Senlis, 38 km north of Paris. It has around 10,700 inhabitants on 16 km² in the Nonette valley, and much of its territory is covered by the Chantilly Forest. – Lescar Nouvelle-Aquitaine Lescar is a French commune in the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department (Nouvelle-Aquitaine), 6.5 km west of Pau. It has around 9,500 inhabitants on 27 km². The Romanesque Cathedral of Notre-Dame-de-l'Assomption overlooks the Gave de Pau, which runs along its territory. – Méteren Hauts-de-France Méteren is a French commune in the Nord department (Hauts-de-France), in French Flanders, within the arrondissement of Dunkirk. It has around 2,300 inhabitants on 18 km², 3 km from Bailleul. The church of Saints-Pierre-et-Paul, built between 1923 and 1927, replaced the building destroyed during the war. – Pau Nouvelle-Aquitaine Pau is a French commune, prefecture of the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department (Nouvelle-Aquitaine) and former capital of Béarn. It has around 80,000 inhabitants and covers 31.5 km². The Gave de Pau flows through it; the Château de Pau, birthplace of Henri IV, overlooks the river. – Billy-Berclau Hauts-de-France Billy-Berclau is a commune in the Pas-de-Calais department (Hauts-de-France), in the Béthune arrondissement, east of the town of Béthune. It has around 5,100 inhabitants and covers 7 km². It lies at the junction of the Canal de la Deûle and the Canal d'Aire à La Bassée. – Esquelbecq Hauts-de-France Esquelbecq is a French commune in the Nord department (Hauts-de-France), in French Flanders, within the arrondissement of Dunkirk. It has around 2,100 inhabitants on 13 km², 25 km from Dunkirk. The church of Saint-Folquin, a hall church, was partly destroyed by fire in 1976. – Verneuil-en-Halatte Hauts-de-France Verneuil-en-Halatte is a commune in the Oise department (Hauts-de-France), in the arrondissement of Senlis, upstream of Creil. It has around 4,800 inhabitants on 22 km², lies on the left bank of the River Oise and borders the Halatte Forest, from which it takes its name. – Hasparren Nouvelle-Aquitaine Hasparren is a Basque commune in the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department (Nouvelle-Aquitaine), in Labourd, 25 km from Bayonne. It has around 7,600 inhabitants on 77 km² and rises to 610 m. The Church of Saint-Jean-Baptiste stands in the town centre. – Bayonne Nouvelle-Aquitaine Bayonne is a French commune, sub-prefecture of the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department (Nouvelle-Aquitaine), about 6 km from the Atlantic Ocean. It has around 54,000 inhabitants and covers 21.7 km². It grew at the confluence of the Adour and the Nive, around the Sainte-Marie Cathedral. – Aix-Noulette Hauts-de-France Aix-Noulette is a commune in the Pas-de-Calais department (Hauts-de-France), in the Lens arrondissement, west of the town of Lens. It has around 3,900 inhabitants and covers 10 km². Its church of Saint-Germain, dating from 1531, retains a tower from the twelfth century. – Wasquehal Hauts-de-France Wasquehal is a French commune in the Nord department (Hauts-de-France), within the arrondissement of Lille. It has around 20,700 inhabitants on 7 km², 7.5 km from Lille. The Canal de Roubaix joins the canalised Marque there, close to the Belgian border. – Villers-Saint-Paul Hauts-de-France Villers-Saint-Paul is a commune in the Oise department (Hauts-de-France), in the arrondissement of Senlis, within the Creil urban area. It has around 6,500 inhabitants on 5 km², on the right bank of the River Oise, and its church of Saint-Pierre-et-Saint-Paul dates from the 12th century. – Briscous Nouvelle-Aquitaine Briscous is a Basque commune in the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department (Nouvelle-Aquitaine), in Labourd, 17 km from Bayonne. It has nearly 3,000 inhabitants on 31 km². The Ardanavy river crosses it and the Church of Saint-Vincent stands in the village. – Lille Hauts-de-France Lille is a French commune, the prefecture of the Nord department and the capital of the Hauts-de-France region, close to the Belgian border. It has nearly 240,000 inhabitants on 35 km². The Deûle flows through it, and it holds the Vauban citadel and the Old Stock Exchange. – La Couture Hauts-de-France La Couture is a commune in the Pas-de-Calais department (Hauts-de-France), in the Béthune arrondissement, north-east of the town of Béthune. It has around 2,600 inhabitants and covers 14 km². Its flat territory, at 15 to 20 metres above sea level, is crossed by the Lawe, a tributary of the Lys. – Jaux Hauts-de-France Jaux is a commune in the Oise department (Hauts-de-France), in the arrondissement of Compiègne, about 4 km south-west of Compiègne. It has around 2,200 inhabitants on 9 km², and its church of Saint-Pierre, dating from the 12th century with 16th-century additions, is a listed monument. – Le Grand-Quevilly Normandie Le Grand-Quevilly is a French commune in the Seine-Maritime department (Normandy), adjoining Rouen on the left bank of the Seine. It has around 26,000 inhabitants over 11 km². Its territory includes the Church of Saint-Pierre and the Zénith de Rouen arena. – Caudebec-lès-Elbeuf Normandie Caudebec-lès-Elbeuf is a French commune in the Seine-Maritime department (Normandy), on the left bank of the Seine south of Rouen and next to Elbeuf. It has around 10,400 inhabitants over 4 km². Its Church of Notre-Dame has a Romanesque tower. – Barentin Normandie Barentin is a French commune in the Seine-Maritime department (Normandy), about fifteen kilometres north-west of Rouen in the Austreberthe valley. It has around 12,200 inhabitants over 13 km². The 33-metre-high Barentin railway viaduct stands above the town. – Canteleu Normandie Canteleu is a French commune in the Seine-Maritime department (Normandy), adjoining Rouen to the north-west on the right bank of the Seine. It has around 14,400 inhabitants over 18 km². The Roumare forest and the hamlet of Croisset, where Gustave Flaubert lived, lie within its territory. – Sallanches Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes Sallanches is a French commune in Haute-Savoie (Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes), the seat of a canton in the Bonneville arrondissement. It has around 17,300 inhabitants over 66 km², in the glacial basin crossed by the Arve river, facing the Mont Blanc massif. – La Roche-sur-Foron Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes La Roche-sur-Foron is a French commune in Haute-Savoie (Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes), about twenty kilometres from Geneva. It has around 11,200 inhabitants over 18 km². The Foron river, from which it takes its name, flows through it, and the Church of Saint-Jean-Baptiste stands over the old town. – Reignier-Ésery Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes Reignier-Ésery is a French commune in Haute-Savoie (Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes), between La Roche-sur-Foron and Annemasse, within the Greater Geneva agglomeration. It has around 8,500 inhabitants over 25 km². The Pierre aux Fées dolmen on its territory is a listed historic monument. – Paris Île-de-France Paris is the capital of France and a commune-département in the Île-de-France region, divided into twenty arrondissements. It has around 2.1 million inhabitants over 105 km². The Seine flows through it, with Notre-Dame Cathedral on the Île de la Cité. – Saint-Genis-Pouilly Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes Saint-Genis-Pouilly is a French commune in the Ain department (Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes), in the Pays de Gex on the Swiss border. It has around 14,400 inhabitants over 9.8 km². The Lion and the Allondon drain it, and the Church of Saint-Pierre at Pouilly is its best-known old building. – Saint-Quentin Hauts-de-France Saint-Quentin is a French commune in the north of the Aisne department (Hauts-de-France) and a sub-prefecture on the River Somme. It has around 53,000 inhabitants on 22.6 km². Its Gothic basilica and its Flamboyant Gothic city hall stand in the old centre. – Sisteron Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur Sisteron is a commune in the Alpes-de-Haute-Provence department (Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur), France, on the Durance. It has around 7,800 inhabitants and covers 50 km². The citadel, built between 1589 and 1612, overlooks the town and faces the Rocher de la Baume. – Nice Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur Nice is a French city and the prefecture of the Alpes-Maritimes (Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur), on the Mediterranean coast. It has around 354,000 inhabitants and covers 72 km². The Paillon, a coastal river partly covered over, runs through it, and Castle Hill overlooks the old town. – Forcalquier Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur Forcalquier is a commune in the Alpes-de-Haute-Provence department (Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur), France, and the seat of its arrondissement. It has around 5,100 inhabitants and covers 43 km². The hill of the former citadel, crowned by the chapel of Notre-Dame-de-Provence, overlooks the town. – Oraison Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur Oraison is a commune in the Alpes-de-Haute-Provence department (Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur), in the arrondissement of Forcalquier. It has around 6,000 inhabitants and covers 38 km². Its territory is bordered by the Durance to the west and by its tributary the Asse to the south. – Briançon Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur Briançon is a commune in the Hautes-Alpes department (Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur), France, and a sub-prefecture, at about 1,300 m above sea level. It has around 11,400 inhabitants and covers 28 km². The Vauban fortified town, a UNESCO World Heritage site, occupies a rocky spur above the lower districts. – Grasse Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur Grasse is a commune in the Alpes-Maritimes department (Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur), France, and a sub-prefecture. It has around 50,000 inhabitants and covers 44 km², at elevations between 80 and over 1,000 m. The cathedral of Notre-Dame-du-Puy, founded in the 11th century, stands over the old town. – Montluçon Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes Montluçon is a French commune in the Allier department (Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes), a sub-prefecture and the department's largest town. It has around 33,000 inhabitants on 20.7 km², on both banks of the River Cher. The Castle of the Dukes of Bourbon overlooks the old town from a rocky spur. – Antibes Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur Antibes is a French commune in the Alpes-Maritimes (Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur), on the Mediterranean between Cannes and Nice. It has around 77,000 inhabitants and covers 26 km². Fort Carré, a 16th-century citadel reworked by Vauban, overlooks the town, and Cap d'Antibes borders it to the south. – Manosque Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur Manosque is a French commune in the Alpes-de-Haute-Provence department (Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur) and its most populous town. It has around 23,000 inhabitants on 56.7 km², above the alluvial plain of the Durance. The Saunerie and Soubeyran gates survive from the old town walls. – Valbonne Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur Valbonne is a French commune in the Alpes-Maritimes (Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur), inland from Antibes. It has around 12,000 inhabitants and covers 19 km². The Brague river crosses its territory, which includes the former Valbonne abbey and part of the Sophia Antipolis park. – Mouans-Sartoux Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur Mouans-Sartoux is a French commune in the Alpes-Maritimes (Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur), northeast of Cannes, near Grasse. It has around 10,800 inhabitants and covers 14 km². Its château, built around 1500, houses the Espace de l'Art Concret, a contemporary art centre. – Sedan Grand Est Sedan is a French commune in the Ardennes department (Grand Est), a sub-prefecture on the River Meuse, downstream of Charleville-Mézières. It has around 16,500 inhabitants over 16 km². Its fortified castle, begun in 1424, is the main surviving part of its former defences. – Le Teil Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes Le Teil is a French commune in the Ardèche department (Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes), on the right bank of the Rhône, opposite Montélimar. It has around 8,700 inhabitants and covers 27 km². The Rhône runs along its eastern side, where a road bridge links the commune to the left bank. – Saint-Girons Occitanie Saint-Girons is a French commune in the Ariège department (Occitanie), the sub-prefecture of the Couserans, at the foot of the Pyrenees. It has around 6,100 inhabitants over 19 km². The Salat and the Lez flow through its territory, and Saint-Valier church has a 12th-century portal. – Charleville-Mézières Grand Est Charleville-Mézières is a French commune and the prefecture of the Ardennes department (Grand Est), on the Meuse, near the Belgian border. It has around 45,600 inhabitants and covers 31 km². The Meuse forms meanders here, and the Place Ducale lies at the centre of Charleville. – Lavelanet Occitanie Lavelanet is a French commune in the Ariège department (Occitanie), in the Pays d'Olmes, at the foot of the Pyrenees. It has around 6,000 inhabitants over 13 km². The Touyre flows through it, and the 12th-century Saint-Sernin de Bensa chapel is a listed historic monument. – Gignac Occitanie Gignac is a commune in the Hérault department (Occitanie), in the Hérault valley north-west of Montpellier. It has around 6,700 inhabitants over 30 km². The Hérault river flows through it and is crossed by the Gignac bridge, built between 1776 and 1810. – Entraigues-sur-la-Sorgue Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur Entraigues-sur-la-Sorgue is a commune in the Vaucluse department, about ten kilometres from Avignon. It has around 8,900 inhabitants over 17 km². The Sorgue d'Entraigues, a tributary of the Ouvèze, flows through it; the Tour des Templiers, a remnant of the Château Vieux, stands in the centre. – L'Isle-sur-la-Sorgue Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur L'Isle-sur-la-Sorgue is a commune in the Vaucluse department (Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur), about twenty kilometres from Avignon. It has around 20,300 inhabitants over 45 km². The Sorgue divides into branches and canals driven by water wheels, fourteen of which remain. – Le Poiré-sur-Vie Pays de la Loire Le Poiré-sur-Vie is a commune in the Vendée department (Pays de la Loire), in the arrondissement of La Roche-sur-Yon, whose main town lies to the south-east. It has around 8,600 inhabitants over 73 km². The town stands on a promontory overlooking the Vie river. – Les Sables-d'Olonne Pays de la Loire Les Sables-d'Olonne is a commune in the Vendée department (Pays de la Loire) and its subprefecture, on the Atlantic coast. Formed in 2019 by the merger of three communes, it has around 48,700 inhabitants over 86 km². The Promenade de l'Amiral-Lafargue runs along the sea. – Les Herbiers Pays de la Loire Les Herbiers is a commune in the Vendée department (Pays de la Loire), in the arrondissement of La Roche-sur-Yon, north-east of that city. It has around 16,600 inhabitants over 89 km². Mont des Alouettes, a hill of about 230 m, carries windmills and a chapel. – Mazan Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur Located in the Vaucluse department (Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur), a few kilometres from Carpentras, Mazan has around 6,300 inhabitants over 38 km². The Château de Mazan, built in the 18th century and linked to the Sade family, stands in the village; the Auzon runs along the old centre. – Poitiers Nouvelle-Aquitaine Poitiers, the prefecture of the Vienne department (Nouvelle-Aquitaine), has around 89,500 inhabitants over 42 km². The city lies at the confluence of the Clain and the Boivre. The Baptistère Saint-Jean, of early Christian origin, and the 12th-century Notre-Dame-la-Grande are among its buildings. – Montmorillon Nouvelle-Aquitaine Montmorillon, a subprefecture of the Vienne department (Nouvelle-Aquitaine), has around 5,900 inhabitants over 57 km². The Gartempe flows through the town and is crossed by the Vieux Pont. The church of Notre-Dame and the Maison-Dieu are among its main buildings. – Limoges Nouvelle-Aquitaine Limoges, the prefecture of the Haute-Vienne department (Nouvelle-Aquitaine), has around 130,000 inhabitants over 78 km². It is located on the Vienne, which is crossed by the Pont Saint-Étienne. The Cathédrale Saint-Étienne and the Limoges-Bénédictins station are among its main buildings. – Épinal Grand Est Épinal, the prefecture of the Vosges department (Grand Est), has around 32,300 inhabitants over 59 km². The Moselle flows through the city. The Basilica of Saint-Maurice and the remains of the castle, set in the park of the same name, are among its main monuments. – Saint-Dié-des-Vosges Grand Est Saint-Dié-des-Vosges, a subprefecture of the Vosges department (Grand Est), has around 19,300 inhabitants over 46 km². The Meurthe flows through the commune. The Saint-Dié Cathedral, with its cloister, and the Claude-et-Duval factory, designed by Le Corbusier, are among its buildings. – Remiremont Grand Est Remiremont is a commune in the Vosges department (Grand Est), in the arrondissement of Épinal. It has around 7,400 inhabitants over 18 km² and lies at the confluence of the Moselle and the Moselotte. The abbey church of Saint-Pierre and the former abbatial palace, now the town hall, are among its monuments. – Gérardmer Grand Est Gérardmer is a commune in the Vosges department (Grand Est), in the arrondissement of Saint-Dié-des-Vosges. It has around 7,700 inhabitants over 55 km² and lies at the eastern end of Lake Gérardmer, held back by a moraine, which drains towards the Vologne via the Jamagne. – Sens Bourgogne-Franche-Comté Sens is a sub-prefecture of the Yonne department (Bourgogne-Franche-Comté), about 100 km south-east of Paris. It has around 27,000 inhabitants and covers 22 km². The Yonne and the Vanne meet here; Saint-Étienne Cathedral was rebuilt from 1135. – Villebon-sur-Yvette Île-de-France Villebon-sur-Yvette, in the Essonne department (Île-de-France), lies about 20 km from Paris. It has around 10,400 inhabitants and covers 7 km². The Yvette, which gives the commune its name, runs along its edge; the Renaissance-era Château de Villebon stands near the church in the historic centre. – Marcoussis Île-de-France Marcoussis is a commune in the Essonne department (Île-de-France), about 25 km south of Paris. It has around 8,600 inhabitants and covers 17 km². The ruins of the Château de Montagu, built around 1400, and the Église Sainte-Marie-Madeleine, listed in 1965, stand in the village centre. – Épinay-sous-Sénart Île-de-France Épinay-sous-Sénart, in the Essonne department (Île-de-France), lies about 22 km south-east of Paris. It has around 11,800 inhabitants and covers 4 km². The commune is bordered by the Yerres and the Forêt de Sénart; the Maison des Arts et de la Culture (Ma MAC) hosts performances and exhibitions. – Sèvres Île-de-France Sèvres, in the Hauts-de-Seine department (Île-de-France), lies about ten kilometres west of Paris, on the left bank of the Seine. It has around 22,800 inhabitants and covers 4 km². The Manufacture nationale de Sèvres porcelain factory and the Musée national de Céramique are located here. – Colombes Île-de-France Colombes, a commune in the Hauts-de-Seine department (Île-de-France), lies about 10 km north-west of Paris. It has around 90,700 inhabitants and covers 8 km². The Stade olympique Yves-du-Manoir, opened in 1907, hosted the 1924 Olympic Games. – Montreuil Île-de-France Montreuil, in the Seine-Saint-Denis department (Île-de-France), lies about 7 km east of Paris. It has around 110,800 inhabitants and covers 9 km². The Murs à pêches, former fruit-growing walls, and the Church of Saint-Pierre-et-Saint-Paul are part of its heritage. – Bagnolet Île-de-France Bagnolet, in Seine-Saint-Denis (Île-de-France), is a commune bordering the east of Paris. It has around 41,800 inhabitants over 2.6 km². The Mercuriales towers stand near the Porte de Bagnolet, at the boundary with the French capital. – Saint-Denis Île-de-France Saint-Denis, in Seine-Saint-Denis (Île-de-France), lies about 9 km north of central Paris, between the Seine and the Canal Saint-Denis. It has around 149,000 inhabitants. The Basilica of Saint-Denis and the Stade de France are located there. – Romainville Île-de-France Romainville, in Seine-Saint-Denis (Île-de-France), lies east of Paris, about 7 km from its centre. It has around 35,300 inhabitants over 3.4 km². The church of Saint-Germain-l'Auxerrois, designed by Brongniart, and the town hall, completed in 1873, are located there. – Villemomble Île-de-France Villemomble, in Seine-Saint-Denis (Île-de-France), lies east of Paris, about 12 km from the centre. It has around 30,000 inhabitants over 4 km². The church of Saint-Louis, completed in 1901, and the Georges-Brassens theatre are located there. – Saint-Ouen-sur-Seine Île-de-France Saint-Ouen-sur-Seine, in Seine-Saint-Denis (Île-de-France), borders northern Paris, about 7 km from the centre, and runs along the Seine. It has around 53,000 inhabitants over 4.3 km². The 12th-century church of Saint-Ouen-le-Vieux is located there. – Pantin Île-de-France Pantin, in Seine-Saint-Denis (Île-de-France), borders northeastern Paris, about 6 km from the centre. It has around 61,000 inhabitants over 5 km². The Canal de l'Ourcq crosses it; the Grands Moulins and the Centre national de la danse stand on its banks. – Saint-Maur-des-Fossés Île-de-France Saint-Maur-des-Fossés, in the Val-de-Marne department (Île-de-France), lies about 12 km southeast of central Paris, within a loop of the Marne. It has around 76,000 inhabitants over 11.3 km². The site of the abbey founded in 638 is located there. – Fontenay-sous-Bois Île-de-France Fontenay-sous-Bois, in the Val-de-Marne department (Île-de-France), borders eastern Paris, about 9 km from the centre. It has around 52,600 inhabitants over 5.6 km². The Bois de Vincennes adjoins its territory to the west; the town hall dates from 1973. – Vincennes Île-de-France Vincennes, in the Val-de-Marne (Île-de-France), adjoins eastern Paris, about 7 km from the Île de la Cité. It has around 48,400 inhabitants on 1.9 km². The Château de Vincennes, a former royal residence, stands within the town; the Bois de Vincennes lies to the south. – Bonneuil-sur-Marne Île-de-France Bonneuil-sur-Marne, in the Val-de-Marne (Île-de-France), lies south-east of Paris, about 14 km from the centre. It has around 18,300 inhabitants on 5.5 km². The Marne borders it to the north, where the Port of Bonneuil, an inland port run by HAROPA PORT, is located. – Deuil-la-Barre Île-de-France Deuil-la-Barre, in the Val-d'Oise (Île-de-France), lies north of Paris, about 14 km from the centre. It has around 22,900 inhabitants on 3.8 km². The lodge of the Château de La Chevrette, a former seigneurial manor house, still stands in a public park in the commune. – L'Isle-Adam Île-de-France L'Isle-Adam, in the Val-d'Oise (Île-de-France), lies north-west of Paris, about 25 km away. It has around 12,000 inhabitants on 14.9 km². The Oise borders it to the north and west; the Chinese pavilion in the Parc Cassan, built in the late 18th century, is a listed historic monument. – Louvres Île-de-France Louvres, in the Val-d'Oise (Île-de-France), lies north of Paris, about 24 km away. It has around 12,100 inhabitants on 11.3 km². The Archéa museum, devoted to history and archaeology, stands at 56 rue de Paris; the Saint-Rieul tower is also a listed historic monument. – Méry-sur-Oise Île-de-France Méry-sur-Oise, in the Val-d'Oise (Île-de-France), lies north-east of Pontoise, about 8 km away. It has around 10,000 inhabitants on 11.2 km². The Oise borders the commune to the north; the Château de Méry, set in a park open to the public, stands there. – Éragny Île-de-France Éragny, in the Val-d'Oise (Île-de-France), lies north-west of Paris, about 28 km from the centre. It has around 18,700 inhabitants on 4.7 km². The Oise runs along its territory; the former presbytery, where the writer Bernardin de Saint-Pierre lived, survives there.

– Kaufbeuren Freistaat Bayern Kaufbeuren is an independent town in the Allgäu region of Bavarian Swabia, forming an enclave within the Ostallgäu district. It has around 46,200 inhabitants and still retains several towers of its former medieval town wall, including the Fünfknopfturm. – Augsburg Freistaat Bayern Augsburg is an independent city and university town in south-western Bavaria, on the Lech, and the seat of the government of the Swabia region. Founded in 15 BC as a Roman settlement, it had around 301,000 inhabitants at the end of 2024. – Passau Freistaat Bayern Passau, an independent town in eastern Bavaria, lies in Lower Bavaria, close to the Austrian border, at the confluence of the Danube, the Inn and the Ilz, hence its nickname "City of Three Rivers". It had around 53,000 inhabitants at the end of 2024. – Bayreuth Freistaat Bayern Bayreuth is an independent city in Upper Franconia, Bavaria, on the Red Main, and the seat of the Upper Franconia regional government. First mentioned in 1194 and part of Bavaria since 1810, it had around 73,000 inhabitants at the end of 2024. – Freising Freistaat Bayern Freising is the district seat of the district of the same name in Upper Bavaria, on the Isar, close to Munich Airport. It had around 49,000 inhabitants at the end of 2024 and hosts the Weihenstephan campus of the Technical University of Munich. – Regensburg Freistaat Bayern Regensburg, capital of the Upper Palatinate region in eastern Bavaria, lies where the Naab and the Regen join the Danube. An independent city, it had around 159,000 inhabitants at the end of 2023 and traces its origin to a Roman camp founded in 179. – Bamberg Freistaat Bayern Crossed by the Regnitz, Bamberg, an independent city in Upper Franconia, is traditionally described as built on seven hills. Its bishopric was founded in 1007; it had around 77,000 inhabitants at the end of 2024 and is home to the Otto Friedrich University. – Würzburg Freistaat Bayern Straddling the Main, Würzburg is an independent city and the capital of the Lower Franconia region in northern Bavaria and the former seat of a prince-bishopric. First mentioned in 704, the city had around 133,000 inhabitants at the end of 2024. – Landshut Freistaat Bayern Founded in 1204 by Duke Louis I together with Trausnitz Castle, Landshut is the capital of Lower Bavaria and the seat of its regional government. This independent city, crossed by the Isar, had around 72,000 inhabitants at the end of 2024. – Ingolstadt Freistaat Bayern Ingolstadt is an independent city in Upper Bavaria, which the Danube crosses from west to east, covering an area of about 133 km². First mentioned in 806 and granted city status around 1250, it had some 141,000 inhabitants at the end of 2024. – Kulmbach Freistaat Bayern Kulmbach lies in Upper Franconia, close to the confluence of the White Main and the Red Main, which form the Main. The seat of the district of the same name, it had around 26,600 inhabitants at the end of 2024 and passed to Bavaria in 1810. – Rosenheim Freistaat Bayern Rosenheim is an independent city in Upper Bavaria, located on the west bank of the Inn, where the Mangfall joins it. Its castle is first recorded in 1234; the place was granted its town charter in 1864 and had around 65,300 inhabitants at the end of 2024. – Amberg Freistaat Bayern Amberg, an independent city in the Upper Palatinate in eastern Bavaria, was first mentioned in 1034 under the name Ammenberg. Located on the Vils, it had around 42,600 inhabitants at the end of 2024 and was long the capital of its region. – Weiden in der Oberpfalz Freistaat Bayern Weiden in der Oberpfalz is an independent city in the Upper Palatinate in eastern Bavaria, about 100 km east of Nuremberg. First mentioned in 1241, it became a district-free city in 1919 and had around 42,400 inhabitants at the end of 2024. – Hof Freistaat Bayern Hof is an independent city in north-eastern Bavaria, in Upper Franconia, on the Saale. A settlement there is mentioned in 1214 and its town privileges date from 1319. Part of Bavaria since 1810, it had around 46,800 inhabitants at the end of 2024. – Schweinfurt Freistaat Bayern Schweinfurt is an independent city in Lower Franconia, Bavaria, on the Main, and the seat of the administration of the district of the same name. First mentioned in 791 and a free imperial city from 1282, it passed to Bavaria in 1814 and had around 54,500 inhabitants at the end of 2024. – Aschaffenburg Freistaat Bayern Aschaffenburg, an independent city in Lower Franconia, lies in Bavaria, on the Main, at the mouth of the Aschaff and on the edge of the Spessart. Having passed to the Archbishopric of Mainz in 982, it became part of Bavaria in 1814 and had around 73,100 inhabitants at the end of 2024. – Munich Freistaat Bayern Munich is the capital of the state of Bavaria and the seat of the Upper Bavaria region. Located on the Isar and first recorded in 1158, it had more than 1.5 million inhabitants at the end of 2024 and has been the capital of Bavaria since it became a kingdom in 1806. – Nuremberg Freistaat Bayern Nuremberg is a city in Middle Franconia, in Bavaria, crossed by the Pegnitz. First mentioned in 1050, it became a Free Imperial City in 1219 and had more than 500,000 inhabitants at the end of 2024. The city is home to the Kaiserburg, the imperial castle. – Erlangen Freistaat Bayern Erlangen is a city in Middle Franconia, in Bavaria, which the Regnitz divides into two roughly equal halves. First mentioned in 1002, it had more than 115,000 inhabitants at the end of 2024 and covers about 77 km². It is home to Friedrich-Alexander University. – Erding Freistaat Bayern Erding is a town in Upper Bavaria and the capital of the district of the same name. Founded in 1228 by Duke Louis of Bavaria, it had more than 37,000 inhabitants at the end of 2024. It has held the status of Große Kreisstadt, a major district town, since 1 January 2013. – Memmingen Freistaat Bayern Memmingen is an independent city in Swabia, in Bavaria, covering about 70 km² and flanked to the west by the Iller. Raised to town status by Duke Welf VI in 1158, it became a Free Imperial City in 1286 and had more than 44,000 inhabitants at the end of 2024. – Kempten (Allgäu) Freistaat Bayern Kempten is an independent city in Swabia, in Bavaria, located on the Iller in the Allgäu region. The privileges granted by King Rudolf I in 1289 made it a Free Imperial City. It had more than 65,000 inhabitants at the end of 2024 and covers about 63 km². – Neumarkt in der Oberpfalz Freistaat Bayern Neumarkt in der Oberpfalz is a town in the Upper Palatinate, in Bavaria, and has been the capital of the Neumarkt district since 1 June 1972. First mentioned in 1135, it holds the status of Große Kreisstadt and had more than 41,000 inhabitants at the end of 2024. – Forchheim Freistaat Bayern Forchheim is a town in Upper Franconia, in Bavaria, on the Regnitz, the capital of the district of the same name and a Große Kreisstadt. It is first mentioned in 805 in a capitulary of Charlemagne and had more than 30,000 inhabitants at the end of 2024. – Günzburg Freistaat Bayern Günzburg is a town in Swabia, in Bavaria, at the confluence of the Günz and the Danube, the capital of the Günzburg district, formed in 1972, and a Große Kreisstadt. It had more than 21,000 inhabitants at the end of 2024 and covers about 55 km². – Altötting Freistaat Bayern Altötting is a town in Upper Bavaria, the capital of the Altötting district, about 90 km east of Munich. First mentioned in 748, it has held town status since 1898, covers an area of about 23 km² and had more than 13,000 inhabitants at the end of 2024. – Neuötting Freistaat Bayern Neuötting is a town in Upper Bavaria, in the Altötting district, situated on the Inn about 2 km north of Altötting. Mentioned in 1231 as 'novi Odingen', it had more than 8,900 inhabitants at the end of 2024 and covers about 37 km². – Traunstein Freistaat Bayern Traunstein is a town in Upper Bavaria, in the Chiemgau area, the capital of the Traunstein district. Located on the Traun and first mentioned in 1245, it had more than 20,000 inhabitants at the end of 2024 and covers about 49 km². – Bad Reichenhall Freistaat Bayern Bad Reichenhall is a town in Upper Bavaria, the capital of the Berchtesgadener Land district, near Salzburg. A spa town that has carried the prefix 'Bad' since 1890, it had more than 18,000 inhabitants at the end of 2024 and covers about 42 km². – Miesbach Freistaat Bayern Miesbach is a town in Upper Bavaria and the capital of the Miesbach district, in the valley of the Schlierach. First mentioned in 1114, it has held town status since 1918, had more than 11,000 inhabitants at the end of 2024 and covers about 32 km². – Dinkelsbühl Freistaat Bayern Dinkelsbühl is a town in Middle Franconia, in Bavaria, in the Ansbach district, on the Wörnitz and on the Romantic Road. First mentioned in 1188, it has been a Große Kreisstadt since 1998 and had more than 12,000 inhabitants at the end of 2024. – Kronach Freistaat Bayern Kronach is a town in Upper Franconia, in Bavaria, the capital of the Kronach district, where the Haßlach, the Kronach and the Rodach meet. Mentioned in 1003 as 'urbs crana', it had about 16,900 inhabitants at the end of 2023 and covers nearly 67 km². – Lichtenfels Freistaat Bayern Lichtenfels is a town in Upper Franconia, in Bavaria, the capital of the Lichtenfels district, on the upper course of the Main. First mentioned in 1142, it received its town rights in 1231, had more than 20,000 inhabitants at the end of 2024 and covers about 122 km². – Marktredwitz Freistaat Bayern Marktredwitz is a town in Upper Franconia, in Bavaria, the largest in the Wunsiedel im Fichtelgebirge district, of which it has been a Große Kreisstadt since 1 July 1972. First documented in 1140, it had more than 17,000 inhabitants at the end of 2024. – Kelheim Freistaat Bayern Kelheim is a town in Lower Bavaria and the capital of the Kelheim district, at the confluence of the Altmühl and the Danube, near Weltenburg Abbey. First mentioned in 866, it had more than 17,000 inhabitants at the end of 2024 and covers about 77 km². – Abensberg Freistaat Bayern Abensberg is a town in Lower Bavaria, in the Kelheim district, situated on the Abens, a tributary of the Danube. It has held town status since 12 June 1348, had more than 15,000 inhabitants at the end of 2024 and covers about 60 km². – Bad Staffelstein Freistaat Bayern Bad Staffelstein is a town in Upper Franconia, in Bavaria, in the Lichtenfels district, north-east of Bamberg. Mentioned around the year 800, it has carried the prefix 'Bad' since 2001, had more than 10,000 inhabitants at the end of 2024 and covers about 100 km². – Pfaffenhofen an der Ilm Freistaat Bayern Pfaffenhofen an der Ilm is a town in Upper Bavaria, the capital of the Pfaffenhofen an der Ilm district, on the Ilm, at an elevation of 428 m. First documented in 1140, it had more than 26,000 inhabitants at the end of 2024 and covers about 93 km². – Lauf an der Pegnitz Freistaat Bayern Lauf an der Pegnitz is a town in Middle Franconia, Bavaria, and the seat of the Nürnberger Land district. The Pegnitz river flows through its centre from east to west. It received town rights in 1355 under Charles IV and had more than 26,000 inhabitants at the end of 2023. – Eichstätt Freistaat Bayern Eichstätt is a town in Upper Bavaria and the capital of the Eichstätt district, on the Altmühl river at an elevation of 393 m. It received town walls and a charter in 908 and had about 13,900 inhabitants at the end of 2023. It lies at the heart of the Altmühl Valley Nature Park. – Weilheim in Oberbayern Freistaat Bayern Weilheim in Oberbayern is a town in Upper Bavaria, the capital of the Weilheim-Schongau district, on the Ammer river at an elevation of 563 m. First mentioned in 1010 as Wilhain, it had some 23,300 inhabitants at the end of 2024 and covers about 56 km². – Sonthofen Freistaat Bayern Sonthofen is a town in Bavarian Swabia, the seat of the Oberallgäu district since 1972 and described as the southernmost town in Germany. It was granted town status in 1963 and had about 21,700 inhabitants at the end of 2024. It covers some 47 km². – Bad Tölz Freistaat Bayern Bad Tölz is a town in Upper Bavaria, the administrative centre of the Bad Tölz-Wolfratshausen district, on the Isar river. A spa town, it has carried the prefix "Bad" since 1899, had about 19,800 inhabitants at the end of 2024 and covers some 31 km². – Aichach Freistaat Bayern Aichach is a town in Bavarian Swabia and the capital of the Aichach-Friedberg district, on the Paar river. Mentioned in a chronicle before 1078, it had about 22,000 inhabitants at the end of 2024 and covers some 93 km², divided into some forty parts of the municipality. – Neu-Ulm Freistaat Bayern Neu-Ulm is a town in Bavarian Swabia and the seat of the Neu-Ulm district, on the right bank of the Danube, opposite Ulm. It was granted city status in 1869, had about 62,600 inhabitants at the end of 2024 and covers some 81 km². It has had Große Kreisstadt (large district town) status since 1972. – Ulm Baden-Württemberg Ulm is a city in Baden-Württemberg, in the Tübingen administrative region, forming an urban district (Stadtkreis) on its own. Located on the Danube, where the Blau and the Iller join it, it was first mentioned on 22 July 854, had about 130,000 inhabitants at the end of 2024 and covers some 119 km². – Mühldorf am Inn Freistaat Bayern Mühldorf am Inn is a town in Upper Bavaria and the capital of the Mühldorf am Inn district, on the Inn river at an elevation of 384 m. It belonged to the Archbishopric of Salzburg until 1802, had about 22,500 inhabitants at the end of 2024 and covers some 29 km². – Vilshofen an der Donau Freistaat Bayern Vilshofen an der Donau is a town in Lower Bavaria, in the Passau district, where the Vils flows into the Danube. Mentioned in 776, it received town rights in 1206 and had about 18,100 inhabitants at the end of 2024. Its area is some 86 km². – Regen Freistaat Bayern Regen is a town in Lower Bavaria and the capital of the Regen district, on the river of the same name. Mentioned in 1148, it received town status on 1 January 1932 and had about 11,000 inhabitants in 2018. The Pfahl, a quartz ridge some 150 km long, rises to over 750 m on its territory. – Zwiesel Freistaat Bayern Zwiesel is a town in Lower Bavaria, in the Regen district, where the Großer Regen and the Kleiner Regen meet to form the Schwarzer Regen. A market municipality from 1313 and a town since 1904, it had about 9,100 inhabitants at the end of 2024 and covers some 41 km². – Furth im Wald Freistaat Bayern Furth im Wald is a town in the Upper Palatinate, in the Cham district, on the Czech border at an elevation of 407 m. It had about 8,700 inhabitants at the end of 2024 and covers some 67 km². The Drachenstich, a folk play about a fight against a dragon, was first recorded there in 1590. – Wunsiedel Freistaat Bayern Wunsiedel is a town in Upper Franconia and the district seat of Wunsiedel im Fichtelgebirge, at an elevation of 525 m. Mentioned in 1163, it received town rights in 1326, had about 9,000 inhabitants at the end of 2024 and covers some 55 km². – Münchberg Freistaat Bayern Münchberg is a town in Upper Franconia, in the Hof district, at an elevation of 546 m. It had about 10,000 inhabitants at the end of 2024, covers some 69 km² and is known as the "Textile Town of Bavaria". Settlement there probably dates back to the 10th century. – Ehingen (Donau) Baden-Württemberg Ehingen (Donau) is a town in Baden-Württemberg, in the Alb-Donau district, on the Danube, some 25 km south-west of Ulm. Mentioned in 961, it has been a Große Kreisstadt since 1974, had about 27,500 inhabitants at the end of 2023 and covers nearly 179 km². – Heidelberg Baden-Württemberg Heidelberg is a city in Baden-Württemberg, in the Karlsruhe administrative region, an urban district (Stadtkreis) and the seat of the Rhein-Neckar district, on the Neckar river. Mentioned in 1196, it had about 155,800 inhabitants at the end of 2024 and covers some 109 km². – Mannheim Baden-Württemberg Mannheim is a city in Baden-Württemberg, an urban district (Stadtkreis) in the Karlsruhe administrative region, at the confluence of the Rhine and the Neckar. Mentioned in 766, it received town privileges on 24 January 1607, had about 318,000 inhabitants at the end of 2024 and covers some 145 km². – Freiburg im Breisgau Baden-Württemberg Freiburg im Breisgau is a city in Baden-Württemberg, an urban district (Stadtkreis) in the Freiburg administrative region, on the Dreisam river, at the south-western foothills of the Black Forest. Founded in 1120, it had about 237,500 inhabitants at the end of 2024 and covers some 153 km². – Stuttgart Baden-Württemberg Stuttgart, capital of Baden-Württemberg, is an urban district (Stadtkreis) of the Stuttgart administrative region, in the Neckar valley. Originating from a ducal stud farm in the 10th century, it had about 613,000 inhabitants at the end of 2024 and covers some 207 km². – Karlsruhe Baden-Württemberg Located on the right bank of the Rhine, Karlsruhe is an urban district (Stadtkreis) of Baden-Württemberg. Founded in 1715, it had about 309,000 inhabitants at the end of 2024 and covers some 173 km², with a fan-shaped street plan centred on its palace. – Tübingen Baden-Württemberg Tübingen is the seat of the Tübingen administrative region and district (Landkreis) in Baden-Württemberg, on the Neckar, into which the Ammer and Steinlach flow. It had about 92,300 inhabitants at the end of 2024 and covers some 108 km². – Pforzheim Baden-Württemberg Nicknamed the "Goldstadt", Pforzheim is both a city in the Karlsruhe administrative region of Baden-Württemberg and an urban district (Stadtkreis) in its own right. It covers some 98 km², where the Enz, Nagold and Würm rivers meet, and had about 135,000 inhabitants at the end of 2024. – Konstanz Baden-Württemberg Konstanz is the principal city of the Konstanz district (Landkreis) in Baden-Württemberg, at the western end of Upper Lake Constance, where the Rhine flows out of it. It had about 86,900 inhabitants at the end of 2024 and covers some 54 km²; the Swiss border separates it from Kreuzlingen. – Nürtingen Baden-Württemberg Nürtingen, a town in the Esslingen district (Landkreis) of Baden-Württemberg, is crossed by the Neckar. First mentioned in 1046, it had about 40,800 inhabitants at the end of 2024 and covers some 47 km², making it the largest town in the district by area. – Schwäbisch Hall Baden-Württemberg A former Free Imperial City, Schwäbisch Hall is the district seat of the Schwäbisch Hall district (Landkreis) in Baden-Württemberg, in the valley of the Kocher. It had about 42,600 inhabitants at the end of 2024 and covers some 104 km². – Ludwigsburg Baden-Württemberg Having grown up around a residential palace in the 18th century, Ludwigsburg is the largest town and district seat of the Ludwigsburg district (Landkreis) in Baden-Württemberg. It had about 92,900 inhabitants at the end of 2024 and covers some 43 km². – Böblingen Baden-Württemberg Founded in the 13th century by the Counts of Tübingen, Böblingen is the district seat of the Böblingen district (Landkreis) in Baden-Württemberg, adjoining Sindelfingen. It had about 52,100 inhabitants at the end of 2023 and covers some 39 km². – Baden-Baden Baden-Württemberg A spa town in Baden-Württemberg, Baden-Baden is an urban district (Stadtkreis) of the Karlsruhe administrative region, on the Oos river. It had about 56,900 inhabitants at the end of 2024 and covers some 140 km², more than half of it forest. – Rastatt Baden-Württemberg Rastatt is the seat of the Rastatt district (Landkreis) in Baden-Württemberg, on the Murg river. The residence of the Margraves of Baden-Baden until 1771, it had about 51,800 inhabitants at the end of 2023 and covers an area of some 59 km². – Ravensburg Baden-Württemberg Ravensburg is the administrative seat and largest town of the Ravensburg district (Landkreis) in Baden-Württemberg. First mentioned in 1088 as "Ravenspurch", it had about 50,600 inhabitants at the end of 2024 and covers an area of some 92 km². – Aalen Baden-Württemberg A former imperial city (1360–1803), Aalen is the largest town and district seat of the Ostalbkreis in Baden-Württemberg, in the valley of the upper Kocher. It had about 67,600 inhabitants at the end of 2024 and covers an area of some 147 km². – Heidenheim an der Brenz Baden-Württemberg On the Brenz, which rises in Königsbronn and flows through the town, Heidenheim an der Brenz is the district seat of the Heidenheim district (Landkreis) in Baden-Württemberg. It had about 49,900 inhabitants at the end of 2023 and covers some 107 km². – Lörrach Baden-Württemberg Close to the Swiss and French borders, Lörrach is the district seat of the Lörrach district (Landkreis) in Baden-Württemberg, in the valley of the Wiese. It had about 51,300 inhabitants at the end of 2024, covers some 39 km² and is part of the tri-national Basel agglomeration. – Bruchsal Baden-Württemberg Bruchsal is the most populous town in the Karlsruhe district (Landkreis) of Baden-Württemberg, on the Saalbach. It had about 47,800 inhabitants at the end of 2024 and covers some 93 km²; its former Landkreis was merged into that of Karlsruhe in 1973. – Schwetzingen Baden-Württemberg A former summer residence of the Electors Palatine, Schwetzingen lies in the Rhein-Neckar-Kreis in Baden-Württemberg. It had about 21,800 inhabitants at the end of 2024 and covers some 22 km²; it is one of the five largest towns in the district. – Lohr am Main Freistaat Bayern Located on both banks of the Main, on the eastern edge of the Spessart, Lohr am Main belongs to the Main-Spessart district (Landkreis) in Lower Franconia, Bavaria. It had about 15,000 inhabitants at the end of 2024 and covers some 90 km². – Miltenberg Freistaat Bayern Between the Spessart and the Odenwald, Miltenberg is the district seat of the Miltenberg district (Landkreis) in Lower Franconia, Bavaria, on the left bank of the Main, where the river leaves only a narrow strip of land. It had over 9,000 inhabitants at the end of 2024 and covers about 60 km². – Pegnitz Freistaat Bayern Pegnitz is a town in Bavaria, in the Bayreuth district (Landkreis) of Upper Franconia, about 30 kilometres south of Bayreuth. Located at the eastern edge of the Franconian Switzerland, in the northern Franconian Jura, it is the site of the source of the Pegnitz river. It had about 13,200 inhabitants in 2018. – Scheßlitz Freistaat Bayern Some 14 km north-east of Bamberg, on the edge of the Franconian Switzerland, Scheßlitz is a town in the Bamberg district (Landkreis) of Upper Franconia. It had about 7,300 inhabitants at the end of 2023 and covers nearly 95 km², divided into some thirty districts. – Ebermannstadt Freistaat Bayern Ebermannstadt, a town in the Forchheim district (Landkreis) of Upper Franconia, lies in the Wiesent valley within the Franconian Switzerland nature park, some 25 km south-east of Bamberg. It had about 7,000 inhabitants at the end of 2023 and covers nearly 50 km². – Zeil am Main Freistaat Bayern Zeil am Main belongs to the Haßberge district (Landkreis) in Lower Franconia, Bavaria. Situated on the right bank of the Main, some 7 km east of Haßfurt, the locality had about 5,500 inhabitants at the end of 2024 and covers nearly 36 km². – Gunzenhausen Freistaat Bayern Gunzenhausen, a town in the Weißenburg-Gunzenhausen district (Landkreis) of Middle Franconia, Bavaria, lies on the Altmühl river, some 45 km south-west of Nuremberg. It had about 17,200 inhabitants at the end of 2023 and covers nearly 83 km². – Bad Kötzting Freistaat Bayern Bad Kötzting lies in the Bavarian Forest, some 15 km south-east of Cham, in the Cham district (Landkreis) of the Upper Palatinate. The Weiße Regen flows through the town, which had about 7,500 inhabitants at the end of 2024 and covers nearly 62 km². – Roding Freistaat Bayern The Regen river flows through Roding, a town in the Cham district (Landkreis) of the Upper Palatinate, Bavaria, close to the Czech border. It had around 13,200 inhabitants at the end of 2024 and extends over more than 110 km², within the Upper Bavarian Forest nature park. – Sulzbach-Rosenberg Freistaat Bayern Sulzbach-Rosenberg was formed in 1934 by the union of Sulzbach, in the west, and Rosenberg, in the east. This town in the Amberg-Sulzbach district (Landkreis) of the Upper Palatinate, Bavaria, had around 19,400 inhabitants at the end of 2024 and covers some 53 km². – Kemnath Freistaat Bayern Kemnath is one of the towns of the Tirschenreuth district (Landkreis) in the Upper Palatinate, Bavaria. Situated at the western foot of the Steinwald, some 24 km south-east of Bayreuth, it had around 5,900 inhabitants at the end of 2024 and covers nearly 57 km². – Hirschau Freistaat Bayern Hirschau had around 5,700 inhabitants at the end of 2024. This town in the Amberg-Sulzbach district (Landkreis) of the Upper Palatinate, Bavaria, covers about 75 km², largely in the hills of the Upper Palatinate, and lies in the Hirschau-Schnaittenbach kaolin district. – Berching Freistaat Bayern Berching is a town in Bavaria, in the district (Landkreis) of Neumarkt in der Oberpfalz, in the Upper Palatinate, located in the Sulz valley, about 20 km south of Neumarkt. It had around 9,000 inhabitants at the end of 2024 and covers some 131 km². – Dorfen Freistaat Bayern Dorfen is a town in Upper Bavaria, in the district (Landkreis) of Erding, located in the Isen valley, at an elevation of 465 m, east of Munich, on the Munich–Mühldorf railway. It had around 14,800 inhabitants at the end of 2024 and covers about 100 km². – Hauzenberg Freistaat Bayern Hauzenberg is a town in Lower Bavaria, in the district (Landkreis) of Passau, located in the southern Bavarian Forest, at an elevation of 546 m, north-east of Passau. It had around 12,000 inhabitants at the end of 2024 and covers about 83 km². – Hallstadt Freistaat Bayern Hallstadt is a town in Bavaria, in the district (Landkreis) of Bamberg, in Upper Franconia, located on the left bank of the Main, at an elevation of 239 m, 4 km north of Bamberg. It had around 8,800 inhabitants at the end of 2024 and covers about 15 km². – Schnaittach Freistaat Bayern Schnaittach is a market town (Markt) in Bavaria, in the district (Landkreis) of Nürnberger Land, in Middle Franconia, located in the Schnaittach valley on the edge of the Franconian Jura, at 355 m. It had around 8,700 inhabitants at the end of 2023 and covers about 49 km². – Riedenburg Freistaat Bayern Riedenburg is a town in Lower Bavaria, in the district (Landkreis) of Kelheim, located in the Altmühl valley, at an elevation of 360 m, 16 km north-west of Kelheim. It had over 6,000 inhabitants at the end of 2024 and covers about 100 km². – Murnau am Staffelsee Freistaat Bayern Murnau am Staffelsee is a market town (Markt) in Upper Bavaria, in the district (Landkreis) of Garmisch-Partenkirchen, some 70 km south of Munich, on the edge of the Alps, with the Staffelsee lake bordering it to the west. It had around 11,900 inhabitants at the end of 2023 and covers about 38 km². – Mittenwald Freistaat Bayern Mittenwald is a municipality in Upper Bavaria, in the district (Landkreis) of Garmisch-Partenkirchen, located in the upper Isar valley, at the foot of the Alps, close to the Austrian border. It had around 7,300 inhabitants at the end of 2024 and covers about 133 km². – Treuchtlingen Freistaat Bayern Treuchtlingen is a town in Bavaria, in the district (Landkreis) of Weißenburg-Gunzenhausen, in Middle Franconia, crossed by the Altmühl, 9 km south-west of Weißenburg. It had around 13,200 inhabitants at the end of 2024 and covers about 103 km². – Hirschaid Freistaat Bayern Hirschaid is a market town (Markt) in Bavaria, in the district (Landkreis) of Bamberg, in Upper Franconia, located on the Regnitz and the Main-Danube Canal, at an elevation of 248 m, some 12 km south of Bamberg. It had around 12,600 inhabitants at the end of 2023 and covers about 41 km². – Memmelsdorf Freistaat Bayern Memmelsdorf is a municipality in Bavaria, in the district (Landkreis) of Bamberg, in Upper Franconia, adjoining the city of Bamberg to the east, at an elevation of 262 m. It had over 8,800 inhabitants at the end of 2024 and covers about 26 km². – Litzendorf Freistaat Bayern Litzendorf is a municipality in Bavaria, in the district (Landkreis) of Bamberg, in Upper Franconia, located in a valley surrounded by wooded heights, at an elevation of 311 m. It had around 6,300 inhabitants at the end of 2024 and covers about 26 km². – Dingolfing Freistaat Bayern Dingolfing is a town in Lower Bavaria, the seat of the district (Landkreis) of Dingolfing-Landau, crossed by the Isar, at an elevation of 365 m and some 100 km north-east of Munich. It had around 20,700 inhabitants at the end of 2024 and covers about 44 km². – Landau an der Isar Freistaat Bayern Landau an der Isar is a town in Lower Bavaria, in the district (Landkreis) of Dingolfing-Landau, located on the Isar, 120 km downstream from Munich, its old town lying at an elevation of 390 m. It had around 14,800 inhabitants at the end of 2024 and covers about 84 km². – Zirndorf Freistaat Bayern Zirndorf is a town in Bavaria, the seat of the district (Landkreis) of Fürth, in Middle Franconia, located south of Fürth and west of Nuremberg, on the Bibert, at an elevation of 306 m. It had around 26,200 inhabitants at the end of 2024 and covers about 29 km². – Schlüsselfeld Freistaat Bayern Schlüsselfeld is a town in Bavaria, in the district (Landkreis) of Bamberg, in Upper Franconia, located in the Steigerwald, in the valley of the Reiche Ebrach, about 24 km south-west of Bamberg. It had over 5,900 inhabitants at the end of 2024 and covers some 70 km². – Rödental Freistaat Bayern Rödental is a town in Bavaria, in the district (Landkreis) of Coburg, in Upper Franconia, located some 7 km north-east of Coburg, on the border with Thuringia. It had around 12,500 inhabitants at the end of 2024 and covers about 50 km². – Bad Windsheim Freistaat Bayern Bad Windsheim is a spa town in Bavaria, in the district (Landkreis) of Neustadt an der Aisch-Bad Windsheim, in Middle Franconia, west of Nuremberg, at an elevation of 321 m. It had around 12,400 inhabitants at the end of 2024 and covers about 78 km². – Höchstadt an der Aisch Freistaat Bayern Höchstadt an der Aisch is a town in Bavaria, in the district (Landkreis) of Erlangen-Höchstadt, in Middle Franconia, located on the Aisch, 18 km north-west of Erlangen and 22 km south of Bamberg. It had around 13,900 inhabitants at the end of 2024 and covers more than 70 km². – Eggenfelden Freistaat Bayern Eggenfelden is a town in Lower Bavaria, in the district (Landkreis) of Rottal-Inn, located in the Rott valley, at an elevation of 416 m and some 110 km east of Munich. It had around 14,300 inhabitants at the end of 2024 and covers about 44 km². – Grafenau Freistaat Bayern Grafenau is a town in Lower Bavaria, in the district (Landkreis) of Freyung-Grafenau, located in the Bavarian Forest, at an elevation of 609 m, next to the national park and some 32 km north of Passau. It had around 8,200 inhabitants at the end of 2024 and covers about 64 km². – Großostheim Freistaat Bayern On the north-eastern edge of the Odenwald, in the Bavarian Lower Main region, Großostheim is a market municipality (Markt) in the district (Landkreis) of Aschaffenburg, in Lower Franconia, Bavaria. It had about 16,400 inhabitants in late 2023 and covers some 44 km², the Welzbach crossing the main village. – Eggolsheim Freistaat Bayern In the Regnitz valley, on the western edge of the Franconian Switzerland (Fränkische Schweiz), Eggolsheim is a municipality in the district (Landkreis) of Forchheim, in Upper Franconia, Bavaria. It had about 6,600 inhabitants in late 2023 and covers some 49 km². – Maisach Freistaat Bayern Maisach is the largest municipality by area in the district (Landkreis) of Fürstenfeldbruck, in Upper Bavaria. Located on the Maisach river, some 4 km north of Fürstenfeldbruck, it had about 14,300 inhabitants at the end of 2023 and covers nearly 53 km². – Leinburg Freistaat Bayern Some 20 km east of Nuremberg, at the foot of the Moritzberg (603 m) in the Franconian Jura, Leinburg is a municipality in the Nürnberger Land district (Landkreis), in Middle Franconia, Bavaria. It had about 6,900 inhabitants at the end of 2023 and covers nearly 29 km². – Hutthurm Freistaat Bayern Hutthurm is a market municipality (Markt) in Lower Bavaria, in the district (Landkreis) of Passau, located in the Ilz valley, east of the river. It had about 6,300 inhabitants at the end of 2024 and covers some 37 km²; Federal Road B 12 runs through the area. – Schonungen Freistaat Bayern Schonungen is the largest municipality by area in the district (Landkreis) of Schweinfurt, in Lower Franconia, Bavaria. Located on the Main, some 5 km east of Schweinfurt, it had about 7,800 inhabitants at the end of 2023 and covers nearly 81 km². – Adelsdorf Freistaat Bayern In the Aischgrund, through which the Aisch flows, Adelsdorf is a municipality in the district (Landkreis) of Erlangen-Höchstadt, in Middle Franconia, Bavaria. It had about 9,400 inhabitants at the end of 2023 and covers some 32 km². Until 1972, it belonged to the district of Höchstadt an der Aisch. – Gerolzhofen Freistaat Bayern On the north-western edge of the Steigerwald, some 18 km south-east of Schweinfurt, Gerolzhofen is the only town in the district (Landkreis) of Schweinfurt, in Lower Franconia, Bavaria. It had about 7,000 inhabitants at the end of 2023 and covers nearly 18 km². – Altomünster Freistaat Bayern Roughly midway between Munich, Augsburg and Ingolstadt, Altomünster is a municipality in the district (Landkreis) of Dachau, in Upper Bavaria, some 20 km north-west of Dachau. It had about 7,800 inhabitants at the end of 2024 and covers nearly 76 km². – Geiselhöring Freistaat Bayern In the valley of the Kleine Laber, where the Labertal merges into the Gäuboden plain, Geiselhöring is a town in Lower Bavaria, in the district (Landkreis) of Straubing-Bogen, 14 km south-west of Straubing. It had about 7,100 inhabitants at the end of 2023 and covers some 100 km². – Viechtach Freistaat Bayern In a valley basin formed by a loop of the Schwarzer Regen, at the foot of the Pfahl ridge, in the Bavarian Forest Nature Park, Viechtach is a town in Lower Bavaria, in the district (Landkreis) of Regen. It had about 8,400 inhabitants at the end of 2024 and covers some 62 km². – Stegaurach Freistaat Bayern In the Aurach valley, some 4 km west of Bamberg, towards the Steigerwald, Stegaurach is a municipality in the district (Landkreis) of Bamberg, in Upper Franconia, Bavaria. It had about 6,900 inhabitants at the end of 2024 and covers nearly 24 km². – Altenkunstadt Freistaat Bayern At the foot of the Kordigast, on the left bank of the Main, opposite Burgkunstadt, Altenkunstadt is a municipality in the district (Landkreis) of Lichtenfels, in Upper Franconia, Bavaria. It had about 5,500 inhabitants at the end of 2024 and covers some 33 km². – Eichendorf Freistaat Bayern On the Vils, in Lower Bavaria, Eichendorf is a market municipality (Markt) in the district (Landkreis) of Dingolfing-Landau, still rural and the administrative centre of the surrounding villages. It had about 6,700 inhabitants at the end of 2024 and covers some 98 km². – Bischberg Freistaat Bayern At the confluence of the Regnitz and the Main, some 5 km west of Bamberg, Bischberg is a municipality in the district (Landkreis) of Bamberg, in Upper Franconia, Bavaria. It had about 6,100 inhabitants at the end of 2024 and covers nearly 18 km². – Ebensfeld Freistaat Bayern On the Main, in western Upper Franconia, between Coburg and Bamberg, Ebensfeld is a market municipality (Markt) in the district (Landkreis) of Lichtenfels, between the Franconian Jura to the south and the Eierberge hills to the north. It had about 5,600 inhabitants at the end of 2024 and covers some 69 km². – Leutershausen Freistaat Bayern On the Altmühl river, some 12 km west of Ansbach, Leutershausen is a town in the district (Landkreis) of Ansbach, in Middle Franconia, Bavaria. It had about 5,600 inhabitants at the end of 2024, covers nearly 84 km² and is made up of 49 localities (Gemeindeteile). – Wiernsheim Baden-Württemberg In the Heckengäu, along the south-western edge of the Neckar basin, within the metropolitan areas of Karlsruhe and Pforzheim, Wiernsheim is a municipality in the Enzkreis, in Baden-Württemberg. It had about 6,800 inhabitants at the end of 2023 and covers some 25 km². – Trochtelfingen Baden-Württemberg On the Swabian Jura, in the valley of the Seckach river, Trochtelfingen is a town in the district (Landkreis) of Reutlingen, in the Tübingen administrative region of Baden-Württemberg. It had about 6,200 inhabitants at the end of 2023 and covers some 79 km². – Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Baden-Württemberg On the right bank of the Rhine, some 12 km north of Karlsruhe, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen is a municipality in the district (Landkreis) of Karlsruhe, in Baden-Württemberg. It had about 16,900 inhabitants at the end of 2022 and covers nearly 26 km². – Rottenburg am Neckar Baden-Württemberg Some 50 km south-west of Stuttgart, on the Neckar river, Rottenburg am Neckar is a town in the district (Landkreis) of Tübingen, in Baden-Württemberg, and the seat of the Diocese of Rottenburg-Stuttgart. It had about 45,700 inhabitants at the end of 2024 and covers nearly 142 km². – Leutkirch im Allgäu Baden-Württemberg Leutkirch im Allgäu is a town in the western Allgäu, on the border with Bavaria, in the district (Landkreis) of Ravensburg, in the Tübingen administrative region of Baden-Württemberg. It had about 23,600 inhabitants at the end of 2023 and covers some 175 km². – Gaildorf Baden-Württemberg Gaildorf is a town in the Kocher valley, some 13 km south of Schwäbisch Hall, in the district (Landkreis) of Schwäbisch Hall, in the Stuttgart administrative region of Baden-Württemberg. It had about 12,100 inhabitants at the end of 2023 and covers nearly 63 km². – Isny im Allgäu Baden-Württemberg At the edge of the Adelegg, a forested range in the north of the Allgäu Alps, on the border with Bavaria, Isny im Allgäu is a town in the district (Landkreis) of Ravensburg, in Baden-Württemberg. It had about 15,100 inhabitants at the end of 2024 and covers some 85 km². – Tettnang Baden-Württemberg Situated in the Schussen valley, in the hinterland of Lake Constance, Tettnang is a town in the Bodenseekreis district, in the Tübingen administrative region of Baden-Württemberg. It had about 20,800 inhabitants at the end of 2024 and covers some 71 km². – Sigmaringen Baden-Württemberg At the foot of the Swabian Jura, in the upper Danube valley and some 40 km north of Lake Constance, Sigmaringen is the district seat of the Sigmaringen district (Landkreis), in Baden-Württemberg. It had about 16,900 inhabitants at the end of 2024 and covers nearly 93 km². – Erbach (Donau) Baden-Württemberg Between Ulm and Ehingen, near the left bank of the Danube, on the south-eastern edge of the Hochsträß, Erbach (Donau) is a town in the Alb-Donau-Kreis, in the Tübingen administrative region of Baden-Württemberg. It had about 14,100 inhabitants at the end of 2024 and covers some 63 km². – Sinsheim Baden-Württemberg In the Kraichgau, on the Elsenz river, some 22 km south-east of Heidelberg, Sinsheim is a Große Kreisstadt in the Rhein-Neckar-Kreis, in the Karlsruhe administrative region of Baden-Württemberg. It had about 37,000 inhabitants at the end of 2024 and covers nearly 127 km². – Leonberg Baden-Württemberg West of Stuttgart, on the slope of the Glems valley at the foot of the Engelberg, Leonberg is a Große Kreisstadt in the district (Landkreis) of Böblingen, in the Stuttgart administrative region of Baden-Württemberg. It had over 49,000 inhabitants at the end of 2024 and covers about 49 km². – Gaggenau Baden-Württemberg On both sides of the Murg river, at the western edge of the Northern Black Forest and some 8 km north-east of Baden-Baden, Gaggenau is a Große Kreisstadt in the district (Landkreis) of Rastatt, in Baden-Württemberg. It had about 29,500 inhabitants at the end of 2024. – Crailsheim Baden-Württemberg About 32 km east of Schwäbisch Hall and 40 km south-west of Ansbach, Crailsheim is a Große Kreisstadt in the district (Landkreis) of Schwäbisch Hall, in the Stuttgart administrative region of Baden-Württemberg. It had over 36,000 inhabitants at the end of 2023 and covers about 109 km². – Kißlegg Baden-Württemberg Crossed by the European watershed, in the western Allgäu, west of Leutkirch, Kißlegg is a municipality in the district (Landkreis) of Ravensburg, in Baden-Württemberg. It had about 9,400 inhabitants at the end of 2023 and covers some 92 km². – Mössingen Baden-Württemberg Mössingen, in the Steinlach valley (a tributary of the Neckar), on the northern edge of the Swabian Jura, is a Große Kreisstadt in the district (Landkreis) of Tübingen, in Baden-Württemberg. It had about 21,000 inhabitants at the end of 2023 and covers some 50 km². – Donaueschingen Baden-Württemberg At the confluence of the Brigach and Breg rivers, which form the Danube, in the Baar, some 13 km south of Villingen-Schwenningen, Donaueschingen is a Große Kreisstadt in the Schwarzwald-Baar-Kreis, in the Freiburg administrative region of Baden-Württemberg. It had about 21,800 inhabitants at the end of 2024. – Kressbronn am Bodensee Baden-Württemberg The easternmost Baden-Württemberg municipality on the northern shore of Lake Constance, on the border with Bavaria, Kressbronn am Bodensee belongs to the Bodenseekreis, in the Tübingen administrative region. It had over 8,800 inhabitants at the end of 2023 and covers about 20 km². – Bad Rappenau Baden-Württemberg A spa town in the north-eastern Kraichgau, north-west of Heilbronn, Bad Rappenau is a Große Kreisstadt in the district (Landkreis) of Heilbronn, in the Stuttgart administrative region of Baden-Württemberg. It had about 22,700 inhabitants at the end of 2024 and covers some 74 km². – Malsch Baden-Württemberg At the edge of the Black Forest, in the Rhine plain, Malsch is a municipality in the Karlsruhe district of Baden-Württemberg. It combines the main village with three former municipalities, Sulzbach, Waldprechtsweier and Völkersbach, and had about 14,900 inhabitants at the end of 2023 on some 51 km². – Rosenfeld Baden-Württemberg On the Little Heuberg, part of the Swabian Jura, Rosenfeld is a town in the Zollernalb district (Landkreis) of Baden-Württemberg. It is made up of seven districts, including Heiligenzimmern and Leidringen, and had about 6,500 inhabitants at the end of 2022 on some 51 km². – Bad Mergentheim Baden-Württemberg In north-eastern Baden-Württemberg, Bad Mergentheim is the largest town in the Main-Tauber district (Landkreis), on the Tauber river. It had about 24,000 inhabitants at the end of 2024 and covers some 130 km², with thirteen former villages incorporated between 1972 and 1975. – Heubach Baden-Württemberg At the foot of the Swabian Jura, on the edge of the Rems valley, Heubach is a town in the Ostalb district (Landkreis) of Baden-Württemberg. It had about 10,100 inhabitants at the end of 2023 on some 26 km²; the ruins of Rosenstein Castle stand on the neighbouring mountain. – Waldkirch Baden-Württemberg In the south-western Black Forest, at the foot of the Kandel (over 1,200 m), Waldkirch is a town in the Emmendingen district (Landkreis) of Baden-Württemberg, on the Elz river. It had about 21,500 inhabitants at the end of 2024 on some 48 km², divided into five districts. – Nagold Baden-Württemberg On the edge of the Northern Black Forest, Nagold is a town in the Calw district (Landkreis) of Baden-Württemberg, on the river of the same name. It had about 23,800 inhabitants at the end of 2023 on some 63 km², with eight districts, including Hochdorf. – Geislingen an der Steige Baden-Württemberg The second-largest town in the Göppingen district (Landkreis), Geislingen an der Steige is located in the Fils valley, at the edge of the Swabian Jura, in Baden-Württemberg. It had about 27,800 inhabitants at the end of 2024 on some 76 km², with seven districts. – Fulda Hessen Near the geographic centre of Germany, between the Rhön and the Vogelsberg, Fulda is the seat of the Fulda district (Landkreis) in Hesse, on the Fulda river. It had about 65,400 inhabitants at the end of 2024 on some 104 km², with 24 former municipalities incorporated in 1972. – Bad Arolsen Hessen Bad Arolsen, a town in the Waldecker Land in northern Hesse, some 45 km west of Kassel, belongs to the Waldeck-Frankenberg district (Landkreis). It had about 15,900 inhabitants at the end of 2023 on nearly 126 km² and includes former villages such as Mengeringhausen and Helsen. – Bad Orb Hessen Surrounded by the wooded hills of the Spessart, in the Orb valley, Bad Orb is a town in the Main-Kinzig district (Landkreis) of Hesse. It had about 10,700 inhabitants at the end of 2022 on some 48 km² and has been recognised as a spa town since 1909. Its economy is centred on health care and tourism. – Rüsselsheim am Main Hessen On the lower Main, between Frankfurt and Mainz, Rüsselsheim am Main is the largest town in the Groß-Gerau district (Landkreis) in Hesse. It had about 65,600 inhabitants at the end of 2024 on some 58 km² and is one of the seven special-status towns in Hesse. – Idstein Hessen In the Taunus, north of Wiesbaden, Idstein is a town in the Rheingau-Taunus district (Landkreis) of Hesse. Its old town lies on a ridge between two brooks. Idstein had about 25,700 inhabitants at the end of 2023 on some 80 km², with eleven outlying districts. – Baunatal Hessen Directly south of Kassel, west of the Fulda valley, Baunatal is a town in the Kassel district (Landkreis) of Hesse, at the foot of the Habichtswald. It takes its name from the Bauna river and had about 27,900 inhabitants at the end of 2024 on some 38 km². – Berchtesgaden Freistaat Bayern In the far south-east of Upper Bavaria, near the Austrian border, Berchtesgaden is a market town (Markt) in the Berchtesgadener Land district (Landkreis), in the Berchtesgaden Alps. It had about 7,700 inhabitants at the end of 2024 on some 36 km²; the national park, created in 1978, extends to the south. – Mitterteich Freistaat Bayern In the Stiftland, in the Upper Palatinate (Bavaria), near the Czech border and on the Porcelain Road, Mitterteich is a town in the Tirschenreuth district (Landkreis). It had about 6,600 inhabitants at the end of 2023 on some 39 km². It lies some 30 km north of Weiden. – Mallersdorf-Pfaffenberg Freistaat Bayern On the Kleine Laber, in the Danube-Isar hills, Mallersdorf-Pfaffenberg is a market municipality (Markt) in the Straubing-Bogen district (Landkreis) of Lower Bavaria. Formed in 1972 by the merger of Mallersdorf and Pfaffenberg, it had about 6,700 inhabitants at the end of 2024 on some 73 km². – Ochsenfurt Freistaat Bayern On the left bank of the Main, at the southern tip of the Maindreieck, Ochsenfurt is the largest town in the Würzburg district (Landkreis) in Lower Franconia, and the centre of the Ochsenfurter Gau. It had over 11,000 inhabitants in 2024 on some 64 km². – Michelstadt Hessen In the Odenwald, in the Mümling valley, Michelstadt is a town in the Odenwaldkreis district (Landkreis) of Hesse, which forms the centre of the district together with neighbouring Erbach, the district seat. It had about 15,400 inhabitants at the end of 2024 on some 87 km². – Lich Hessen Midway between the Taunus and the Vogelsberg, on the Wetter river, Lich is a town in the Gießen district (Landkreis) of Hesse. It had about 14,200 inhabitants at the end of 2024 on some 78 km², with eight outlying districts, including Langsdorf and Muschenheim. – Lauterbach Hessen On the north-eastern edge of the Vogelsberg, at the foot of the Hainig, Lauterbach is the seat of the Vogelsberg district (Landkreis) in Hesse. It had about 13,000 inhabitants at the end of 2024 on some 102 km² and lies around 25 km north-west of Fulda. – Kassel Hessen Kassel, on the Fulda river in northern Hesse, is an urban district (kreisfreie Stadt) and the administrative seat of the Regierungsbezirk and of the district of the same name. It had about 197,000 inhabitants at the end of 2024 and covers some 107 km². – Laupheim Baden-Württemberg Laupheim is a Große Kreisstadt (major district town) in Baden-Württemberg, in the Biberach district in Upper Swabia, crossed by the Rottum river. It had about 22,800 inhabitants at the end of 2024 on some 62 km² and lies around 20 km from Ulm. – Neckarsulm Baden-Württemberg Neckarsulm is a Große Kreisstadt in Baden-Württemberg, in the Heilbronn district, on the eastern side of the Neckar valley, at the confluence with the Sulm river, from which it takes its name. It had about 26,400 inhabitants at the end of 2024 on some 25 km². – Fürstenfeldbruck Freistaat Bayern On the Amper river in western Upper Bavaria (Regierungsbezirk of Oberbayern), Fürstenfeldbruck is the seat of the district (Landkreis) of the same name, roughly midway between Munich and Augsburg. It had about 37,400 inhabitants at the end of 2024 on some 33 km². – Marktheidenfeld Freistaat Bayern In the Mainviereck, on the eastern side of the Spessart, Marktheidenfeld is a town in Lower Franconia (Bavaria), in the Main-Spessart district, crossed by the river Main. It had about 11,700 inhabitants at the end of 2023 on some 36 km² and lies nearly 24 km west of Würzburg. – Herrsching am Ammersee Freistaat Bayern Herrsching am Ammersee, a municipality in the Starnberg district (Upper Bavaria), lies on the eastern shore of the Ammersee, in the Fünfseenland, some 40 km south-west of Munich. It had about 11,100 inhabitants at the end of 2024 on nearly 21 km². – Marburg Hessen Marburg is the seat of the Marburg-Biedenkopf district (Landkreis) in central Hesse, on the Lahn river, roughly midway between Frankfurt am Main and Kassel. It had about 73,500 inhabitants at the end of 2024 on some 124 km². It has 18 districts (Stadtteile) around the core city. – Alsfeld Hessen Alsfeld is a town in Hesse, in the Vogelsbergkreis district, on the upper Schwalm river, in the northern Vogelsberg, close to the Knüll mountains. It had over 15,000 inhabitants at the end of 2024; 16 districts (Stadtteile) surround the core town. – Darmstadt Hessen Darmstadt is an urban district (kreisfreie Stadt) in Hesse, in the southern part of the Rhine-Main region, within the Regierungsbezirk of the same name. It had over 167,000 inhabitants at the end of 2024 and covers about 122 km². It has nine districts (Stadtteile). – Weilburg Hessen In the Lahn valley between the Westerwald and the Taunus, Weilburg is a town in Hesse, in the Limburg-Weilburg district, just upstream of where the Weil flows into the Lahn. It had about 13,000 inhabitants at the end of 2024 on some 58 km², with ten districts (Stadtteile) around the core town. – Schwalmstadt Hessen Schwalmstadt, a town in Hesse in the Schwalm-Eder district, lies in the Schwalm basin on the western edge of the Knüll mountains. It was formed in 1970 by the merger of Treysa and Ziegenhain and had about 18,700 inhabitants at the end of 2023 on some 85 km².

– Luxembourg City Canton de Luxembourg The capital of the Grand Duchy and seat of the canton of Luxembourg, the city has around 138,000 inhabitants on more than 51 km². The Alzette and the Pétrusse meet within its territory, and its old town and fortifications have been a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1994. – Differdange Canton d'Esch-sur-Alzette In the south-west of Luxembourg, in the canton of Esch-sur-Alzette, Differdange has around 30,400 inhabitants on 22 km². The Chiers, a tributary of the Meuse, rises in the Oberkorn section, and a Renaissance castle stands on a hill in the town centre. – Dudelange Canton d'Esch-sur-Alzette The Centre national de l'audiovisuel, a cultural institute founded in 1989, is based in Dudelange, in the canton of Esch-sur-Alzette. The municipality has around 22,000 inhabitants on 21 km² and includes the sections of Budersberg and Burange. – Käerjeng Canton de Capellen Käerjeng, in the canton of Capellen, has around 11,200 inhabitants and lies on the watershed between the Eisch, a tributary of the Alzette, and the Chiers, a tributary of the Meuse. The municipality resulted from a merger that took effect on 1 January 2012. – Diekirch Canton de Diekirch On the banks of the Sauer, Diekirch, the chief town of the canton of the same name, has around 7,200 inhabitants on 12 km². The old church of St Lawrence and the remains of a Roman villa, abandoned in the early 5th century, are among the town's historic sites.

– Maastricht Limburg Maastricht is a municipality and the capital of the province of Limburg in the south of the Netherlands, about 25 km north of Liège. It has around 120,000 inhabitants on 60 km². The Meuse flows through it, and the Basilica of Saint Servatius stands on the Vrijthof square. – Eindhoven Noord-Brabant Eindhoven is the largest city in the province of North Brabant, in the south of the Netherlands. It has around 249,000 inhabitants on 89 km². Originally founded at the confluence of the Dommel and the Gender, it is home to the Van Abbemuseum, devoted to modern and contemporary art. – 's-Hertogenbosch Noord-Brabant 's-Hertogenbosch is a municipality and the capital of the province of North Brabant, in the Netherlands. It has around 160,000 inhabitants on 118 km². The Dommel and the Aa meet here, and Saint John's Cathedral, dating from around 1220, dominates the centre. – Breda Noord-Brabant In the west of the province of North Brabant, in the Netherlands, Breda has around 184,000 inhabitants on 129 km². It lies at the confluence of the Mark and the Aa, and the Castle of Breda, which houses the military academy, stands here. – Tilburg Noord-Brabant In the south of the Netherlands, in the province of North Brabant, Tilburg has around 230,000 inhabitants on 118 km². The Wilhelmina Canal runs south of the district of Tilburg-Noord, and the Paleis-Raadhuis, a former palace of King William II, is part of the city hall. – Utrecht Utrecht The capital and most populous city of the province of Utrecht, in the Netherlands, Utrecht has around 378,000 inhabitants on 99 km². The Oudegracht, a curved canal in the old centre, crosses it, and the 112 m Dom Tower stands near Dom Square. – Amersfoort Utrecht Amersfoort lies on the Eem in the province of Utrecht, in the Netherlands. It has around 157,000 inhabitants on 64 km². The Koppelpoort, a medieval gate, and the 98 m Tower of Our Lady (Onze-Lieve-Vrouwetoren) are part of the historic centre. – Haarlem Noord-Holland The capital of the province of North Holland, in the Netherlands, Haarlem lies about 20 km west of Amsterdam. It has around 163,000 inhabitants on 32 km². The Spaarne flows through it, and the Grote Kerk (Sint-Bavokerk) stands on the Grote Markt. – Zwolle Overijssel Zwolle lies in the province of Overijssel, of which it is the capital, on the IJssel and the Zwarte Water. It has around 130,000 inhabitants on 111 km². The Peperbus, the tower of the Basilica of Our Lady of the Assumption, rises in the centre, and the Sassenpoort is a former city gate. – Amsterdam Noord-Holland The official capital of the Netherlands, Amsterdam lies in the province of North Holland. It has around 942,000 inhabitants on 219 km². Its canal ring, formed by the Herengracht, Keizersgracht and Prinsengracht, is a UNESCO World Heritage Site, and the Royal Palace stands on Dam Square. – Rotterdam Zuidholland In the south-west of the Netherlands, in the province of South Holland, Rotterdam has around 655,000 inhabitants on nearly 320 km². The Nieuwe Maas divides it into a northern and a southern part, linked in particular by the Erasmus Bridge. – The Hague Zuidholland The Hague (Den Haag) lies in the province of South Holland, on the North Sea coast of the Netherlands. It has around 549,000 inhabitants on 98 km². The Binnenhof, home to the States General, and the Peace Palace, seat of the International Court of Justice, are located here. – Deventer Overijssel Deventer lies in the province of Overijssel, in the Netherlands, largely on the east bank of the IJssel. It has around 103,000 inhabitants on 134 km². The Lebuïnuskerk, a Gothic church, and the Waag on the Brink square are part of the centre. – Enschede Overijssel Enschede is the largest city in the province of Overijssel, in the Twente region in the east of the Netherlands, near the German border. It has around 160,000 inhabitants on 143 km². The Rijksmuseum Twenthe, an art museum, is located here. – Alkmaar Noord-Holland The municipality of Alkmaar, in North Holland (the Netherlands), has around 113,000 inhabitants. The Waag, a former weighing house on the Waagplein, and the Grote Kerk, or Sint-Laurenskerk, with its tall tower, stand in the centre. – Middelburg Zeeland On the former island of Walcheren, in Zeeland, Middelburg has around 49,000 inhabitants on 53 km². The Walcheren canal, running from Vlissingen to Veere, passes through the town, and the abbey, founded in the 12th century, houses the Zeeland Museum. – Helmond Noord-Brabant In the east of the province of North Brabant, in the Netherlands, on the route between Eindhoven and Venlo, Helmond has around 93,000 inhabitants on 55 km². The Zuid-Willemsvaart canal runs through the city, and Helmond Castle stands at its centre. – Hilversum Noord-Holland Nicknamed the “media city”, Hilversum lies in the province of North Holland and has around 94,000 inhabitants on 46 km². A centre of Dutch broadcasting, it hosted the Eurovision Song Contest in 1958 and has a town hall designed by Willem Marinus Dudok. – Enkhuizen Noord-Holland A port on the northern shore of the Markermeer in North Holland, Enkhuizen has around 18,800 inhabitants. The town received its city rights in 1356; its harbour tower, the Drommedaris, dates from 1540, and the Zuiderzee Museum tells the story of the former Zuiderzee. – Den Helder Noord-Holland At the northern tip of North Holland, facing the island of Texel, Den Helder has around 56,000 inhabitants on 179 km², much of it water. The town hosts the main Dutch naval base, and the former Willemsoord shipyard has been converted into a leisure district. – Vlaardingen Zuidholland Vlaardingen stretches along the north bank of the Nieuwe Maas in South Holland and has around 74,000 inhabitants on 27 km². It was here that Count Dirk III defeated an army sent by Emperor Henry II in 1018, in the First Battle of Vlaardingen. – Goes Zeeland The main town of the Zuid-Beveland peninsula in Zeeland, Goes has around 39,000 inhabitants on 102 km² and lies about one metre below sea level. The town received its city rights in 1405 and was allowed to build its walls in 1417. – Zaanstad Noord-Holland Zaanstad spreads along the river Zaan in North Holland and has around 157,000 inhabitants on 83 km². Created on 1 January 1974 through the merger of seven municipalities, including Zaandam and Zaandijk, it is home to the Zaanse Schans visitor site. – Texel Noord-Holland An island and municipality of North Holland lying opposite Den Helder, Texel has around 13,700 inhabitants. The dunes of its west coast have formed a national park since 2002, and the dune Bertusnol, at 19.6 m, is the island's highest point. – Hof van Twente Overijssel Hof van Twente, in Overijssel, has around 35,000 inhabitants on more than 210 km². Goor received its town rights in 1263 and Delden in 1333; the discovery of salt near Twickel Castle in 1886 gave rise to the mining of this mineral in nearby Hengelo. – Dinkelland Overijssel Dinkelland, in the province of Overijssel, has borne its name since 2002 and has around 26,700 inhabitants on 177 km². The Singraven water mill in Denekamp was already painted by Meindert Hobbema in the 17th century, and the Natura Docet museum was founded there in 1911. – Krimpen aan den IJssel Zuidholland On the south bank of the Hollandse IJssel in South Holland, Krimpen aan den IJssel has around 29,400 inhabitants on 9 km². After the 1953 flood, the municipality received the Algerakering, the first installation of the Delta Works, completed in 1958. – Hillegom Zuidholland Located in the Duin- en Bollenstreek, the “dune and bulb region”, Hillegom has around 22,200 inhabitants on 13 km² in South Holland. In 1722, the Amsterdam merchant Jan Six II acquired the local lordship and built a stone bridge over the Hillegommerbeek. – Goirle Noord-Brabant In the suburban area of Tilburg, in North Brabant, Goirle has around 24,000 inhabitants on 43 km², at an elevation of 16 m. The archer Tiest van Gestel (1881–1969), from the municipality, won a team gold medal at the 1920 Olympic Games. – Zwijndrecht Zuidholland At the southern tip of the island of IJsselmonde in South Holland, Zwijndrecht has around 44,800 inhabitants. Its Kijfhoek classification yard is the largest freight rail yard in the Netherlands and one of the most important in Europe. – Hardenberg Overijssel In the east of the Netherlands, in Overijssel, Hardenberg has around 63,000 inhabitants on 317 km². The town received its city rights in 1362 and was almost entirely destroyed by fire in 1708; the Slagharen theme park lies within the municipality. – Gemert-Bakel Noord-Brabant Formed on 1 January 1997 through the merger of Gemert, Bakel and Milheeze, Gemert-Bakel, in North Brabant, has around 31,400 inhabitants on 123 km². In Gemert, the castle built by the Teutonic Order is occupied today by monks and nuns. – Cranendonck Noord-Brabant Cranendonck, in North Brabant, has around 20,900 inhabitants on 77 km². The municipality came into being on 1 January 1997 through the union of Budel and Maarheeze; Antonius Mathijsen (1805–1878), born in Budel, is credited with inventing the plaster cast. – Oss Noord-Brabant Oss, in the province of North Brabant, has around 94,600 inhabitants on 171 km². It received its city rights in 1399, after a fire destroyed the village in 1387, and has been home since 1923 to a major pharmaceutical plant, Organon. – Roosendaal Noord-Brabant On the Belgian border in North Brabant, Roosendaal has around 77,700 inhabitants on 107 km². Raised to city status in 1809 by King Louis Bonaparte, it became a rail junction after the opening of the Antwerp–Lage Zwaluwe line in 1854. – Gouda Zuidholland Granted city rights in 1272 by Count Floris V, Gouda has around 75,800 inhabitants on 18 km² in South Holland. Its Gothic town hall, built between 1448 and 1450 on the market square, is regarded as one of the oldest in the Netherlands. – Velsen Noord-Holland On the North Sea coast of North Holland, Velsen has around 69,200 inhabitants on 63 km². The North Sea Canal made IJmuiden the seaport of Amsterdam, and the municipality also holds the site of Flevum, a former Roman naval base and fortified harbour. – Dalfsen Overijssel Mentioned as early as 1231, Dalfsen has around 29,700 inhabitants on 165 km² in the province of Overijssel, along the Vecht. Rechteren Castle, built in 1320, has been home to the Counts of Rechteren-Limpurg for about six centuries. – Hilvarenbeek Noord-Brabant Between Tilburg and the Belgian border, Hilvarenbeek, in North Brabant, has around 16,000 inhabitants on 95 km². The Gothic church of Sint-Petrus' Banden dates from the 14th and 15th centuries, and the Beekse Bergen safari park is its main tourist attraction. – Heemskerk Noord-Holland First mentioned in a deed of 1063, Heemskerk has around 39,400 inhabitants on 32 km² in the province of North Holland. Assumburg Castle, built in 1546, and the painter Maarten van Heemskerck (1498–1574) are among its best-known associations. – Voorschoten Zuidholland Enclosed by Leiden, Wassenaar and Leidschendam-Voorburg in South Holland, Voorschoten has around 25,700 inhabitants on 12 km². Count Floris V granted it market rights in 1282, and horses have been traded there every 28 July ever since. – Castricum Noord-Holland On the North Sea coast of North Holland, Castricum has around 36,400 inhabitants on 60 km². On 6 October 1799 a Franco-Dutch army defeated Anglo-Russian forces there in the Battle of Castricum, which ended the Allied invasion of Holland.